table of Contents:
An introduction to HLS
Second reference
An introduction to HLS:
HLS--Http Live Streaming is a protocol for real-time streaming defined by Apple. HLS is implemented based on the HTTP protocol. The transmission content includes two parts, one is the M3U8 description file, and the other is the TS media file.
1.M3U8 file
a.M3U8 is a streaming media format, mainly in the form of a file list, which supports both live broadcast and on-demand, especially on Android, iOS and other platforms.
B. Simple example
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXTINF:3.760000,
Out0.ts
#EXTINF:1.880000
Out1.ts
#EXTINF:1.880000
Out2.ts
#EXTINF:1.880000
Out3.ts
Field explanation:
#EXTM3U:
The M3U8 file must contain the label and must be on the first line of the file.
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
M3U8 file version
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
Each slice will have its own duration, and this label is the integer value of the largest slice after rounding the floating point number.
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
The live sequence of M3U8 live broadcast, when playing M3U8 is turned on, the value of this tag is used as a reference, and the slice of the corresponding sequence number is played.
#EXTINF
The duration of each shard
#EXT-X-ENDLIST
If this tag appears, it means that the M3U8 will not be updated again, and the playback of the segment will end after this tag.
Keep all slice information in the M3U8 file and use this tag at the end. This M3U8 is the on-demand M3U8
#EXT-X-STREAM-INF
The appearance of this label means that this M3U8 file contains sub-M3U8 files, multi-level M3U8 files.
Or when the M3U8 file contains a multi-bitrate M3U8, the label needs to be followed by some attributes to explain.
2.ts file
A:
Ts file bit transmission file, the main video coding format is h264/mpeg4, audio bit is aac/mp3;
B:
The ts file is divided into three layers, the ts layer Transport Stream, the pes layer Packet Elemental Stream, and the es layer Elementary Stream. The es layer is the audio and video data, and the pes layer is the description information of the data frame such as time stamps on the audio and video data. The layer is to add the necessary information for the identification and transmission of the data stream in the pes layer
HLS and M3U8, TS
ts = pes + information necessary for the identification and transmission of data streams
pes = es + audio and video data plus data frame description information such as timestamp
(1) es layer
Es layer refers to audio and video data
H.264 video stream
To pack the H.264 video stream, we must add a NALU (Network Abstraction Layer unit) to the video data. NALU includes nalu header and nalu type. The header is fixed at 0x00000001 (the beginning of the frame) or 0x000001 (in the frame), H.264 The data is composed of slices. The content of slices includes video, sps, pps, etc. The NALU type determines the following H.264 data content
AAC and MP3:
You can check the format analysis of my MP3 and AAC
mp3 format analysis
AAC format analysis
(2) pes layer
The Pes layer is in every video/audio frame, if the silly girl has time stamp and other information
HLS and M3U8, TS
Audio pts and dts are the same, so only pts is needed
The existence of pts and dts caused by the B frame, the pts light and dts of the I and P frames, that is to say, if a video does not have a B frame, then P and pts will always be equal to dts, and read the video frames and retrieved frames sequentially from the file The order is the same as the dts order.
dts=initial value + increment
pts=dts+offset.
HLS and M3U8, TS
(3) ts layer
The ts packet size is fixed at 188 bytes, and the ts layer is divided into three parts: ts header (4 bytes), adaptation field (may exist), payload (pes data).
ts header
HLS and M3U8, TS
The content of the ts layer is identified by the PID value, and the main content includes: PAT table, PMT table, audio stream, and video stream. To parse the ts stream, you must first find the PAT table, as long as you find the PAT, you can find the PMT, and then you can find the audio and video streams. The PID value of the PAT table is fixed at 0. The PAT table and the PMT table need to be inserted into the ts stream regularly, because the user may join the ts stream at any time, this interval is relatively small, usually every few video frames to add PAT and PMT. PAT and PMT tables are necessary, and other tables such as SDT (service description table) can also be added, but the hls stream can be played as long as there are PAT and PMT.
PAT table: Its main function is to indicate the PID value of the PMT table.
PMT table: Its main function is to specify the PID value of the audio and video stream.
adaption
HLS and M3U8, TS
The length of the adaptation area shall include one byte identified by the transmission error indicator. pcr is the program clock reference, pcr, dts, pts are all sampled values of the same system clock, pcr is incremental, so it can be set as dts value, audio data does not need pcr. If there is no field, ipad can play, but vlc can not play. When packing the ts stream, the PAT and PMT tables do not have an adaptation field. If the length is not enough, just fill in 0xff. Both video stream and audio stream need to add an adaptation field, which is usually added to the first ts packet and the last ts packet of a frame, and the middle ts packet is not added.
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How far(long) the transmitter cover?
The transmission range depends on many factors. The true distance is based on the antenna installing height , antenna gain, using environment like building and other obstructions , sensitivity of the receiver, antenna of the receiver . Installing antenna more high and using in the countryside , the distance will much more far.
EXAMPLE 5W FM Transmitter use in the city and hometown:
I have a USA customer use 5W fm transmitter with GP antenna in his hometown ,and he test it with a car, it cover 10km(6.21mile).
I test the 5W fm transmitter with GP antenna in my hometown ,it cover about 2km(1.24mile).
I test the 5W fm transmitter with GP antenna in Guangzhou city ,it cover about only 300meter(984ft).
Below are the approximate range of different power FM Transmitters. ( The range is diameter )
0.1W ~ 5W FM Transmitter ：100M ~1KM
5W ~15W FM Ttransmitter : 1KM ~ 3KM
15W ~ 80W FM Transmitter : 3KM ~10KM
80W ~500W FM Transmitter : 10KM ~30KM
500W ~1000W FM Transmitter : 30KM ~ 50KM
1KW ~ 2KW FM Transmitter : 50KM ~100KM
2KW ~5KW FM Transmitter : 100KM ~150KM
5KW ~10KW FM Transmitter : 150KM ~200KM
How to contact us for the transmitter?
Call me +8618078869184 OR
Email me [email protected]
1.How far you want to cover in diameter ?
2.How tall of you tower ?
3.Where are you from ?
And we will give you more professional advice.
About Us
FMUSER.ORG is a system integration company focusing on RF wireless transmission / studio video audio equipment / streaming and data processing .We are providing everything from advice and consultancy through rack integration to installation, commissioning and training.
We offer FM Transmitter, Analog TV Transmitter, Digital TV transmitter, VHF UHF Transmitter, Antennas, Coaxial Cable Connectors, STL, On Air Processing, Broadcast Products for the Studio, RF Signal Monitoring, RDS Encoders, Audio Processors and Remote Site Control Units, IPTV Products, Video / Audio Encoder / Decoder, designed to meet the needs of both large international broadcast networks and small private stations alike.
Our solution has FM Radio Station / Analog TV Station / Digital TV Station / Audio Video Studio Equipment / Studio Transmitter Link / Transmitter Telemetry System / Hotel TV System / IPTV Live Broadcasting / Streaming Live Broadcast / Video Conference / CATV Broadcasting system.
We are using advanced technology products for all the systems, because we know the high reliability and high performance are so important for the system and solution . At the same time we also have to make sure our products system with a very reasonable price.
We have customers of public and commercial broadcasters, telecom operators and regulation authorities , and we also offer solution and products to many hundreds of smaller, local and community broadcasters .
FMUSER.ORG has been exporting more than 15 years and have clients all over the world. With 13 years experience in this field ,we have a professional team to solve customer's all kinds of problems. We dedicated in supplying the extremely reasonable pricing of professional products & services. Contact email : [email protected]
Our Factory
We have modernization of the factory . You are welcome to visit our factory when you come to China.
At present , there are already 1095 customers around the world visited our Guangzhou Tianhe office . If you come to China , you are welcome to visit us .
At Fair
This is our participation in 2012 Global Sources Hong Kong Electronics Fair . Customers from all over the world finally have a chance to get together.
Where is Fmuser ?
You can search this numbers " 23.127460034623816,113.33224654197693 " in google map , then you can find our fmuser office .
FMUSER Guangzhou office is in Tianhe District which is the center of the Canton . Very near to the Canton Fair , guangzhou railway station, xiaobei road and dashatou , only need 10 minutes if take TAXI . Welcome friends around the world to visit and negotiate .
Contact: Sky Blue
Cellphone: +8618078869184
WhatsApp: +8618078869184
Wechat: +8618078869184
E-mail: [email protected]
QQ: 727926717
Skype: sky198710021
Address: No.305 Room HuiLan Building No.273 Huanpu Road Guangzhou China Zip:510620
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English: We accept all payments , such as PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, Alipay, Money Bookers, T/T, LC, DP, DA, OA, Payoneer, If you have any question , please contact me [email protected] or WhatsApp +8618078869184
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We recommend you use Paypal to buy our items ,The Paypal is a secure way to buy on internet .
Every of our item list page bottom on top have a paypal logo to pay.
Credit Card.If you do not have paypal,but you have credit card,you also can click the Yellow PayPal button to pay with your credit card.
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But if you have not a credit card and not have a paypal account or difficult to got a paypal accout ,You can use the following:
Western Union.  www.westernunion.com
Pay by Western Union to me :
First name/Given name: Yingfeng
Last name/Surname/ Family name: Zhang
Full name: Yingfeng Zhang
Country: China
City: Guangzhou
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T/T . Pay by T/T (wire transfer/ Telegraphic Transfer/ Bank Transfer)
First BANK INFORMATION (COMPANY ACCOUNT):
SWIFT BIC: BKCHHKHHXXX
Bank name: BANK OF CHINA (HONG KONG) LIMITED, HONG KONG
Bank Address: BANK OF CHINA TOWER, 1 GARDEN ROAD, CENTRAL, HONG KONG
BANK CODE: 012
Account Name : FMUSER INTERNATIONAL GROUP LIMITED
Account NO. : 012-676-2-007855-0
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Second BANK INFORMATION (COMPANY ACCOUNT):
Beneficiary: Fmuser International Group Inc
Account Number: 44050158090900000337
Beneficiary's Bank: China Construction Bank Guangdong Branch
SWIFT Code: PCBCCNBJGDX
Address: NO.553 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong,Tianhe District, China
**Note: When you transfer money to our bank account, please DO NOT write anything in the remark area, otherwise we won't be able to receive the payment due to government policy on international trade business.
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* It will be sent in 1-2 working days when payment clear.
* We will send it to your paypal address. If you want to change address, please send your correct address and phone number to my email [email protected]
* If the packages is below 2kg,we will be shipped via post airmail, it will take about 15-25days to your hand.
If the package is more than 2kg,we will ship via EMS , DHL , UPS, Fedex fast express delivery,it will take about 7~15days to your hand.
If the package more than 100kg , we will send via DHL or air freight. It will take about 3~7days to your hand.
All the packages are form China guangzhou.
* Package will be sent as a "gift" and declear as less as possible,buyer don't need to pay for "TAX".
* After ship, we will send you an E-mail and give you the tracking number.
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For Warranty .
Contact US--->>Return the item to us--->>Receive and send another replace .
Name: Liu xiaoxia
Address: 305Fang HuiLanGe HuangPuDaDaoXi 273Hao TianHeQu Guangzhou China.
ZIP:510620
Phone: +8618078869184
Please return to this address and write your paypal address,name,problem on note: |
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