How to choose a streaming media protocol during the development of live broadcast software?

During the development of the live broadcast software, we may encounter some confusion. Like the choice of streaming media protocols, such as HTTP-FLV, WebRTC, RTMP, HLS and other proprietary protocols, which one is more appropriate? Which protocol can be used on the PC platform? Which protocol works better on mobile devices? Next, I will start by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the various agreements.
1. The advantages and disadvantages of several common streaming media protocols:
RTMP: A proprietary protocol developed by Adobe for the transmission of audio and video data between Flash/AIR and the server. It is also the most commonly used streaming media transmission protocol at present.
Advantages: Based on TCP long connection, there is no need to establish a connection multiple times, and the delay is low, usually only 1~3s; the technology is mature and the supporting facilities are perfect.
Disadvantages: It can only be used by Flash in PC browsers, and cannot be used in mobile browsers; since Flash is about to exit the stage, RTMP will not be used for streaming on the web player.
HLS: HTTP-based streaming media network transmission protocol proposed by Apple. Its working principle is slicing transmission, which cuts the live stream into countless pieces. When the user is watching the video, the client can only download a part each time.

Advantages: Based on the HTTP protocol, it is easier to access CDN, rarely blocked by firewalls, and comes with multi-bit rate adaptation; as a protocol proposed by Apple, it has great advantages under macOS/iOS, and it is also provided in Android Corresponding support; it can be said that this protocol is suitable for mobile devices.
Disadvantages: The delay is large, usually not less than 10s. A large number of TS files will cause the pressure of server storage and requests.
HTTP-FLV: Encapsulate audio and video data into FLV, and then transmit it via HTTP connection. Compared with RTMP, only the transmission protocol has changed. For the web player, Flash is still needed to play, but the emergence of "flv.js" has made up for this defect.
Advantages: low latency, the overall effect is very close to RTMP; compared to the RTMP protocol, it can effectively avoid the influence of firewalls and agents.
Disadvantages: Its transmission characteristics make streaming media resources cached in the local client, which means that the confidentiality is not very good; until now, it is still not compatible with iOS browsers.
WebRTC: Based on Google's open source technology, a protocol for streaming media on the Web.
Advantages: Both RTMP and HLS are protocols in the hands of large companies, while WebRTC has been included in the W3C standard; there is no need to install plug-ins, and more and more browsers are supported.
Disadvantages: The manufacturer's customization of the browser or system may cause usability problems, and lack of server-side design and deployment plans; transmission quality is difficult to guarantee, and optimization methods are limited; compatibility on Android devices is not good; in addition, this agreement mainly Facing the Web, there is insufficient support for native development.

2. In the development of live broadcast software, using RTMP on the PC side and HLS on the mobile side is the most secure.
Why do you say this way? Based on the above advantages and disadvantages, first of all, in terms of their respective platform adaptability, and the implementation effect is similar, RTMP and HLS are better than HTTP-FLV and WebRTC.
Secondly, from the perspective of the market environment, after many years of development and running-in, many large CDN manufacturers have perfectly supported RTMP and HLS. This stable process is the result of many operation and maintenance personnel, and CDN will not be stable. A profitable system makes changes easily. Similarly, more and more companies use RTMP and HLS, which will result in stronger optimization and compatibility between CDN and RTMP, and between CDN and HLS. This is a cyclical process, and generally CDN companies will not easily break it. In addition, I did not mention the RTSP protocol in the previous article. The effect of this protocol is similar to that of RTMP. Technically, it is only different from the number of channels occupied on the transmission data and the transmission format stream is different. RTSP can actually be used for live broadcasting. But still because of the market environment, RTSP is currently mainly used in security monitoring. Like RTMP, it has already formed its own profit chain.
The above is the result of the discussion on the selection of streaming media protocol during the development of live broadcast software. Regarding this issue, if you still don’t understand, you can leave a message or find a professional developer for detailed consultation.

 

 

 

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