introduction
The IPTV business uses the television with the widest audience as the display terminal, and combines the business characteristics of the Cable network and the IP network to provide users with interactive multimedia services such as broadcast television, video on demand, TV review, information browsing, and interactive games. It is considered to be the embodiment of Triple-Play. While IPTV brings users a brand-new TV experience, it also drives the development of an industry. It is considered by the industry to have a good development prospect and has received widespread attention.
At present, China Telecom and other fixed network operators are actively exploring the operation mode of IPTV services through cooperation with content providers such as Shanghai Media Group, which holds IPTV operating licenses, and are striving to tap user needs through small-scale commercialization of services. Develop targeted services and content, and explore the challenges of triple play services to the business processes of traditional telecom operators. However, due to various reasons such as IPTV service supervision and the maturity of the industry chain, IPTV services are still in the early stages of development in China. If the IPTV service wants to develop on a large scale, it must first break the closedness of the IPTV end-to-end system. The current non-openness and non-standardization of the IPTV platform has become one of the main bottlenecks affecting the scale development of IPTV services. Although the Ministry of Information Industry and China Telecom are actively promoting the standardization of IPTV end-to-end systems, and have formulated a series of IPTV industry standards and corporate standards, IPTV system providers have not yet provided them due to various factors. The standardized open platform causes the following problems when operators develop IPTV services:
● The set-top boxes of different manufacturers cannot communicate with the IPTV platform, and the maturity of the set-top box products is not high. It is difficult for the production of set-top boxes to form a large-scale effect and a competitive situation, which makes the sales cost of IPTV remain high;
●Due to the non-openness and non-standardization of the IPTV platform, the development of value-added services based on the IPTV platform is difficult and slow, which is not conducive to the rapid introduction of various IPTV value-added services that meet user needs, causing the same value-added services to not be available nationwide. Copy and transplant in different provinces;
●The closed nature of the IPTV platform also makes it difficult for operators to introduce various types and grades of IPTV terminals, and it is difficult to effectively carry out marketing activities for different user groups;
●Because of the private nature of the communication protocol, it is not conducive for operators to deploy a unified IPTV quality monitoring system in terms of operation and maintenance, and it is difficult to monitor the end-to-end service quality of IPTV;
● Due to the closedness and non-standardization of the IPTV system, the systems of many manufacturers cannot be interconnected, and system resources such as streaming media services and storage cannot be shared, which increases the cost of system construction and makes business management very inconvenient.
Therefore, for the long-term and orderly development of IPTV services, there is an urgent need to establish an open IPTV system so that different IPTV service platforms and terminals can be interconnected, and it is convenient for operators to quickly introduce and deploy value-added services. This article describes in detail the system architecture, key interface and other technologies of IPTV system development from the perspective of operators, and introduces China Telecom’s progress and future plans for the opening of IPTV systems.
1. IPTV system open architecture and interface
Considering the integrity of the system and future business development, the open IPTV system architecture and related interfaces are shown in Figure 1. For the convenience of description, each interface is marked separately in this article.
IPTV system architecture and related interfaces
It can be seen from Figure 1 that the IPTV standardization system architecture can be divided into independent modules such as set-top boxes, IPTV service management systems, basic service capability systems, value-added service systems, content management platforms, and operation support systems. Each module involves a total of 8 Each interface and the function of each interface are as follows.
A: The access authentication interface between the set-top box and the service management system is used for power-on access authentication and service initialization and navigation. This interface is the most basic interface related to services among all the interfaces, and it is also a key interface for operators to control IPTV services, and is mainly defined by operators according to their own business requirements.
B: The interface between the set-top box and the EPG service and streaming media business capability system is used to provide browser-based business capabilities, and it is also a key interface for interconnection between IPTV business streams.
C: The interface between the set-top box and the C/S value-added service capability system, used to provide client-based service capabilities. Since value-added services are the main content for operators to differentiate from digital TV, standardized C-interfaces can help operators quickly introduce value-added services, which is of great significance to operators.
D: An interface for set-top box management, used to provide management capabilities such as terminal configuration, terminal monitoring, and terminal upgrades. Since the set-top box is a carrier for users to use all services, and the number of set-top boxes is huge, and the operation and maintenance cost is high, providing flexible and powerful set-top box management functions is very important for the operation and maintenance of the set-top box.
E: The interface between the basic business capabilities, value-added business capabilities system and business management system, mainly to realize user identification and business authentication. Since this interface is an interface on the platform side, it is related to different business types.
F: The interface between the operation support system and the business management system, which is mainly used for the transmission of information such as user opening and closing, and the submission of accounting information. Since IPTV is one of the telecommunication services, the interface mainly follows the existing technology.
G: The interface between the content management platform and the business management system, which is mainly used for service information publishing and business division information transmission.
H: The interface between the content management platform and the business capability system, used for the release of business content, including program sources and metadata.
As mentioned above, among the above interfaces, A and B are the main interfaces between the set-top box and the platform, which are the first interfaces that need to be implemented in the open work. The C interface is produced according to the needs of business development. In the value-added services of IPTV, in order to enhance the interactive experience of the service and strengthen the control of the service, SP will provide many services based on Java. The more common one is the game service. In order to distinguish it from the browser service, it is called C/ S business. The C interface is the interface that implements the related client call and control. The D interface is a management interface, and the realization of this interface hopes to uniformly manage terminals of different manufacturers and different functions. If the set-top box is also used as a system device, then the D interface can be similarly imagined as a network management interface. The D interface can be implemented by referring to the extension of the TR069 protocol standard. The E interface is a business authentication interface, used to determine whether the user has the authority to access the current business capabilities. If a unified business management platform needs to be established in the system architecture to provide comprehensive business management, this interface needs to be unified for all business capability systems . The F interface is mainly related to the operation support system of the operator, and is related to the opening of the service, the import of users and service data. Considering that the IPTV platform is constructed in different provinces, if the unification of this interface can be defined and realized, the IPTV system will have The versatility of the whole country is improved, and the localization of the business opening process is no longer required. G and H are the interfaces related to the content management platform. Considering the requirements for content management and monitoring in IPTV, it is necessary to establish an independent content management platform. Therefore, G and H are the publishing interfaces of the content management platform. The G interface is used for The service package and billing information are released, and the H interface is used for the release of business content. C, E, G, and H are the interfaces related to service realization, which will be realized as the second phase of the opening of the IPTV system. The D and F interfaces are requirements for business operations, and their implementation can be postponed. They will be defined and implemented in detail in the future IPTV system opening work.
2. Set-top box key interface analysis
To solve the five major problems in the closed IPTV system architecture, it is necessary to provide a standardized IPTV end-to-end system through the efforts of all parties in the industry chain. Among them, opening the interface between the IPTV set-top box and the platform is the key to the opening of the entire system. To this end, this article refines the A and B interfaces and separates the basic streaming media business capabilities from the EPG service business capabilities to form three major interfaces as shown in Figure 2.
Three major interfaces
It can be seen from Figure 2 that in order to realize the openness and standardization of IPTV service platforms, the most fundamental thing is to realize the intercommunication between the STB and the service management platform, streaming media service system and EPG service system. Standardization of 3 interfaces.
Set-top box and business management platform interface: used to complete the service management functions such as power-on user identification, application authentication, user logout, and other business management-related interactions. The bearer protocol mainly uses HTTP Get/Post, which can be specifically divided into set-top box power-on authentication sub The interface, the channel list acquisition sub-interface, the service entry list acquisition sub-interface, and the set-top box logout sub-interface are encapsulated through browser middleware.
Set-top box and streaming media system interface: used for the interaction between the set-top box and the streaming media content distribution system to complete functions such as on-demand, multicast, unicast time shift, and multicast time shift. According to different content distribution systems, it is divided into two types: TS content distribution system interface and ISMA content distribution system interface. At present, the TS mode is the main implementation mode. The bearer protocol adopts MPEG2-TS, RTSP, RTP, RTCP. Specifically, it can be divided into a set-top box unicast sub-interface, a set-top box multicast sub-interface, a set-top box unicast time-shifting sub-interface, and a set-top box multicast time-shifting sub-interface, and they are encapsulated by browser middleware.
Set-top box and EPG service system interface: used for the interaction between the set-top box and the EPG service system, complete EPG resource acquisition, EPG navigation switching and other functions, and realize the basic BS browsing function. The bearer protocol adopts HTTP Get/Post, the set-top box initiates a business use request to the EPG service system, and uses HTTP Get/Post and other Requests to make the request. The EPG service system returns the business use response through HTTP Response, which includes HTML and Javascript, and the set-top box extends JS and extensions. JS analyzes and performs corresponding operations.
After defining the bearer protocol, interactive content and functional requirements of these interfaces, the IPTV standardization system also needs to define standardized business processes. A unified business process can enable various platforms and terminals to unify their actions in specific business processes and use the same logic. Call the interface with the timing relationship, and finally solve the problem that different terminals and platforms cannot communicate with each other. The standardization of business processes mainly includes:
●Terminal access authentication process definition;
●Process definition of access to EPG business;
●Access to the process definition of streaming media on-demand business;
●The process definition of accessing the live streaming service;
●The process definition of time-shifted business access to streaming media;
●The definition of authentication process in business use.
The standardization of business processes, in addition to the business access process under normal circumstances, must also fully consider the processing processes under various abnormal situations to improve the integrity, reliability and stability of the standardized system.
To achieve a truly open IPTV system, in addition to defining technical normative requirements, it is also necessary to consider the specific implementation steps and the distribution of benefits in each link in the industry chain:
●In the business model, eliminate the doubts of IPTV platform providers and form an industry chain of separation and healthy competition between platform providers and terminal providers;
●In terms of opening strategy, the opening of the IPTV platform should be business-oriented. As IPTV services involve a wide range of services, including basic services such as TV broadcasting, video on demand, TV review, and information browsing, as well as value-added services such as interactive games and video communications, The standardization of basic services should be completed first, and then the standardization of various value-added services should be gradually carried out.
Of course, to realize the openness of the IPTV system, it is not only necessary to formulate open interface specifications, but also to be led by the Ministry of Information Industry and fixed-line telecom operators. Through commercial benefit considerations and network access detection methods, IPTV platforms and terminal providers need to be Develop standardized products. Only by creating a harmonious and open environment for the development of the IPTV industry can the maturity of IPTV products be truly promoted.
The opening of the IPTV system is a gradual and long-term process, which needs to be promoted from various aspects such as standard formulation, system testing, and live network verification. I believe that with the efforts of all parties in the industry chain, through the process of openness and standardization, IPTV can become a benign, universally recognized and abided by the industry, continuity, development, and large-scale commercialization capabilities, and ultimately bring users Come to the real triple play new experience.
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How far(long) the transmitter cover?
The transmission range depends on many factors. The true distance is based on the antenna installing height , antenna gain, using environment like building and other obstructions , sensitivity of the receiver, antenna of the receiver . Installing antenna more high and using in the countryside , the distance will much more far.
EXAMPLE 5W FM Transmitter use in the city and hometown:
I have a USA customer use 5W fm transmitter with GP antenna in his hometown ,and he test it with a car, it cover 10km(6.21mile).
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