Knowledge related to SDI

The SDI interface is a "digital component serial interface", and the HD-SDI interface is a broadcast-grade high-definition digital input and output port, where HD stands for high-definition signal. Since the SDI interface cannot directly transmit the compressed digital signal, the compressed signal recorded by the digital video recorder, hard disk and other equipment must be decompressed and output through the SDI interface before it can enter the SDI system. If decompression and compression are repeated, it will inevitably cause a decrease in image quality and an increase in delay. For this reason, various digital video recorders and non-linear editing systems of different formats have specified their own interfaces for direct transmission of compressed digital signals.
In non-editing post-production, broadcasting stations and other fields, HD-SDI is widely used. According to SMPTE292M, it is an interface specification for transmission at a signal rate of 1.485Gb/s or 1.485/1.001Gb/s. This specification stipulates the data format, channel coding method, signal specification of coaxial cable interface, connector and cable type and optical fiber interface, etc. The HD-SDI interface uses coaxial cable, and the BNC interface is used as the cable standard. The effective distance is 100M.
1. Monitoring system
(a) According to the rate: standard definition SD-SDI, high definition standard HD-SDI and 3G-SDI, the corresponding rates are 270Mb/s, 1.485Gb/s and 2.97Gb/s respectively.
(b) The monitoring products corresponding to the HD-SDI interface include HD-SDI cameras, HD-SDI optical transceivers, HD-SDI to HDMI converters, HD-SDI hard disk recorders, HD-SDI matrix, and large-screen high-definition HD-SDI monitoring system.
(c) HD-SDI monitoring system advantages:
Because the equipment is connected by BNC interface, that is to say, when we convert the existing traditional analog frame system into a high-definition monitoring system, there is no need to re-wiring, just replace the front and back parts, which will save huge time for the project Cost and labor cost.
①Ease of use
Since the HD-SDI camera product engineering construction uses the same system frame as the analog monitoring system frame, the 75-5 coaxial cable can be used to realize the system wiring, and the construction personnel and system operators do not need training, and it is easier to get started.
②Non-compressed
HD-SDI cameras are not like IP surveillance, which compresses and packs the video signal and transmits it through the network. It uses uncompressed digital signals to transmit at high speed on the coaxial cable, and the original image will not be distorted.
③High-definition real-time
HD-SDI camera monitoring is not affected by the transmission network, and there will be no image delay problems caused by IP network monitoring. In the occasions where real-time monitoring and high-definition requirements are required.
④High utilization rate
The resolution of the video output image of HD-SDI camera equipment is 1920×1080, and the density of camera dots per unit area has dropped significantly. Provide more detailed processing in monitoring places, such as seeing people's faces and car license plates.
2. Interface principle
The serial interface is the interface that transmits each bit of the data word and the corresponding data sequentially through a single channel. Due to the high data rate of serial digital signals, they must be processed before transmission. Use scrambling code non-return-to-zero inversion (NRZI) to replace the early block coding. Its standards are SMPTE-259M and EBU-Tech-3267. The standards include digital composite and digital component signals including digital audio. Before transmission, the original data stream is scrambled and converted into NRZI code to ensure that the original data can be reliably restored at the receiving end. In this way, the digital serial interface can be conceptually understood as a baseband signal modulation. The SDI interface can pass 270Mb/s serial digital component signals, and for 16:9 format images, it should be able to transmit 360Mb/s signals. The NRZI code is a polarity sensitive code. Use "1" and "0" to indicate the high and low levels. If there is a long-term continuous "1" or continuous "0", it will affect the receiving end to extract the clock from the digital signal. Because the serial digital signal interface does not transmit the clock signal separately, the receiving end needs to extract the clock signal from the digital signal stream, so the NRZI code that uses "1" and "0" to indicate whether there is level conversion. When receiving the NRZI code stream, as long as the level shift is detected, the data can be recovered. Even if it is all "1" signals, the resulting signal frequency is only half of the original clock frequency. After scrambling, the chance of continuous "1" is reduced. , Which further reduces the high-frequency components. At the receiving end of the data stream, the SDI decoder restores the original data stream from the NRZI code stream.
(A) Serial digital data interface SDDI (Serial Digital Data Interface), used in Betacam-SX nonlinear editing or digital news transmission system, through this interface, can upload from tape to disk at 4 times speed.
(B) 4x speed serial digital interface QSDI (QuarterSerial Digital Interface), in the DVCAM video recorder editing system, through this interface at 4x speed from tape to disk, download from disk to tape, or copy data between disks .
(C) Compression serial digital interface CSDI (CompressionSerial Digital Interface), used in DVCPRO and Digital-S digital video recorders, non-linear editing systems, can transmit data at 4 times speed from tape base to disc base or disc base.
The above three interfaces are not compatible with each other, but all are compatible with the SDI interface. In the 270Mb/s SDI system, high-speed transmission is possible. These three interfaces are designed for the establishment of digital audio and video networks. This type of network does not use a handshake protocol like computer networks, but uses synchronous network technology, which will not cause delays due to different paths.
People often embed the digital audio signal in the SDI signal, that is, insert the digital audio signal into the line and field synchronization pulse (line and field blanking) period of the video signal and transmit at the same time as the digital component video signal.

 

 

 

How far(long) the transmitter cover? The transmission range depends on many factors. The true distance is based on the antenna installing height , antenna gain, using environment like building and other obstructions , sensitivity of the receiver, antenna of the receiver . Installing antenna more high and using in the countryside , the distance will much more far. EXAMPLE 5W FM Transmitter use in the city and hometown: I have a USA customer use 5W fm transmitter with GP antenna in his hometown ,and he test it with a car, it cover 10km(6.21mile). I test the 5W fm transmitter with GP antenna in my hometown ,it cover about 2km(1.24mile). I test the 5W fm transmitter with GP antenna in Guangzhou city ,it cover about only 300meter(984ft). Below are the approximate range of different power FM Transmitters. ( The range is diameter ) 0.1W ~ 5W FM Transmitter ：100M ~1KM 5W ~15W FM Ttransmitter : 1KM ~ 3KM 15W ~ 80W FM Transmitter : 3KM ~10KM 80W ~500W FM Transmitter : 10KM ~30KM 500W ~1000W FM Transmitter : 30KM ~ 50KM 1KW ~ 2KW FM Transmitter : 50KM ~100KM 2KW ~5KW FM Transmitter : 100KM ~150KM 5KW ~10KW FM Transmitter : 150KM ~200KM How to contact us for the transmitter? Call me +8618078869184 OR Email me [email protected] 1.How far you want to cover in diameter ? 2.How tall of you tower ? 3.Where are you from ? And we will give you more professional advice. About Us FMUSER.ORG is a system integration company focusing on RF wireless transmission / studio video audio equipment / streaming and data processing .We are providing everything from advice and consultancy through rack integration to installation, commissioning and training.   We offer FM Transmitter, Analog TV Transmitter, Digital TV transmitter, VHF UHF Transmitter, Antennas, Coaxial Cable Connectors, STL, On Air Processing, Broadcast Products for the Studio, RF Signal Monitoring, RDS Encoders, Audio Processors and Remote Site Control Units, IPTV Products, Video / Audio Encoder / Decoder, designed to meet the needs of both large international broadcast networks and small private stations alike.   Our solution has FM Radio Station / Analog TV Station / Digital TV Station / Audio Video Studio Equipment / Studio Transmitter Link / Transmitter Telemetry System / Hotel TV System / IPTV Live Broadcasting / Streaming Live Broadcast / Video Conference / CATV Broadcasting system.   We are using advanced technology products for all the systems, because we know the high reliability and high performance are so important for the system and solution . 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