Raspberry pie using HLS to realize video streaming

preparation
One raspberry pie (1-3 generations are OK)
A USB camera
Connected to network

step
Connect the raspberry pie to the USB camera. The lsusb command can view the camera model and other information. At the same time, a video 0 device will appear in the / dev directory. In order to install web server in raspberry pie, nginx is selected in consideration of the performance of raspberry pie.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx
By default, the root directory of nginx's website is in / var / www / HTML. For convenience, we can change the root directory to / var / www, modify the default file of / etc / nginx / sites available, change root / var / www / HTML; to root / var / WWW;, and then enter the / var / www directory to delete the default file in the HTML folder index.nginx - debian.html Move to this directory and restart the nginx service.
cd /var/www;
sudo mv html/ index.nginx - debian.html index.html
sudo rm -r html
sudo service nginx restart
HLS continuously slices the video and writes it to the set n files circularly. Repeated writing for a long time may damage the SD card. Therefore, it is better to divide a 16m memory space for storing the slice files. Create the HLS folder in the / var / www directory, modify the / etc / fstab file, and add a content as follows:
tmpfs /var/www/hls tmpfs defaults,size=16M 0 0
Restart raspberry pie. After entering the DF - H command, you can see that it is as follows, indicating that TMPFS is successfully mounted to / var / www / HLS.
tmpfs 16M 0 16M 0% /var/www/hls
Create in the current directory, that is / home / PI hls.sh Where - R 10 represents the frame rate of 10, - s 640x480 represents the resolution, - B: V 300K represents the video rate, and C: V H264 represents the video rate_ OMX stands for OMX hardware encoder using raspberry pie, - segment_ Time 2 represents 2 seconds per slice, - segment_ Wrap 3 means the number of slices is 3, - segment_ list_ Size 3 means that the number of buffer files is 3. Finally, the sliced files are put into the / var / www / HLS directory and stream.m3u8 is generated.
ffmpeg -f v4l2 -r 10 -s 640x480 -i /dev/video0 -b:v 300k -c:v h264_ omx -an -f segment -segment_ time 2 -segment_ wrap 3 -segment_ list_ size 3 -segment_ list "/var/www/hls/stream.m3u8" "/var/www/hls/stream%03d.ts"
Implementation hls.sh
chmod +x hls.sh
./ hls.sh
Use a browser that supports HTML5 to see the content of the video stream. The link is: Raspberry pie IP / HLS / stream. M3u8
HLS output

summary
The effect of using raspberry pie hardware encoder is very obvious, basically does not occupy the CPU utilization. The HLS used this time is a live video streaming protocol that can be directly used in HTML5. It has the advantages of good penetration and can be used when there is a network. However, the disadvantages are obvious. The video delay is very large. According to the above settings, it also has a delay of at least 6S. It is expected that webrtc protocol can be popularized as soon as possible.

How far(long) the transmitter cover?

The transmission range depends on many factors. The true distance is based on the antenna installing height , antenna gain, using environment like building and other obstructions , sensitivity of the receiver, antenna of the receiver . Installing antenna more high and using in the countryside , the distance will much more far.

EXAMPLE 5W FM Transmitter use in the city and hometown:

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Below are the approximate range of different power FM Transmitters. ( The range is diameter )

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5W ~15W FM Ttransmitter : 1KM ~ 3KM

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80W ~500W FM Transmitter : 10KM ~30KM

500W ~1000W FM Transmitter : 30KM ~ 50KM

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2KW ~5KW FM Transmitter : 100KM ~150KM

5KW ~10KW FM Transmitter : 150KM ~200KM

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