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AAC (Advanced Audio Coding): Advanced audio coding. AAC is the audio file format specified by i-mode. Compared with the MP3 format, AAC has an absolute advantage in the quality of the original sound and compression efficiency. As the core specification of MPEG 4 and 3GPP, AAC is also a part of MPEG specification. AAC can truly present high-quality original stereo sound, closer to CD sound quality, and can achieve a high compression rate, which can help reduce a lot of storage space, and the file is much smaller than the MP3 format.
AAC_LC (Low Complexity AAC): Low complexity AAC audio coding.
ABR (Average Bit Rate): average bit rate, an encoding method, is a combination of CBR and VBR encoding methods, it supports BR (Bit Reservoir, bit storage) technology, in the case of a small amount of information to reduce the bit rate, the redundant The amount of available data is stored in Bit Reservoir, and then extracted from Bit Reservoir when the amount of information is large, thus combining the advantages of CBR and VBR.
AC3 (Audio Coding3): Audio Coding 3, namely Dolby Digital.
ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Looper): Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Looper.
AGP (Accelerate Graphical Port): accelerated graphics interface.
AVC (Advanced Video Coding): MEPG-4 Part10, also known as H.264 (ITU).
AVS――
AVS (AdvancedAudio-VideoCoding/DecodingStandard) is the English abbreviation for digital audio and video coding and decoding technology standards. The AVS standard includes four main technical standards such as system, video, audio, and digital rights management, and supporting standards such as conformance testing. Its core is to compress digital video and audio data to a few tenths or even less than one percent of the original, trying to solve the problem of encoding and compressing massive digital audio and video data, so it is also called digital audio and video coding and decoding technology. It is a prerequisite for digital information transmission, storage, playback, etc., so AVS has become a common basic standard for the digital audio and video industry.
Analog Signal: Analog signal.
ASP (Advanced Simple Profile): Advanced Simple Profile
ASF (Advanced Streaming Format): Advanced Streaming Format, a Microsoft media format.
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode): Asynchronous transfer mode.
ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment): An IDE drive interface specification formulated by some software and hardware manufacturers in the 1980s.
AVI (Audio Video Interlaced): Interlaced audio and video, a Microsoft media packaging method
Authentication: Authentication, a secure communication method.
B
bit rate: bit rate, the bit rate/code rate of the compressed bit stream transmitted from the channel to the input of the decoder.
Byte: Byte 1Byte=8bit
C
CA (Condition Access): Conditional access.
CABAC (Content-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding): Before and after adaptive binary arithmetic coding, it reduces coding damage by 10~15% compared with CAVLC, but at the cost of coding speed.
CAVLC (Content-Adaptive Variable Length Coding): Before and after adaptive variable length coding.
CBR (Constant Bit Rate): a fixed bit rate, an encoding method that uses a fixed bit rate regardless of the amount of information, which will make the sound quality of the part with more information not guaranteed, and the part with less information will be occupied The large amount of data causes waste.
CDN (Content Delivery Network): Content Delivery Network, its principle is to enable most customers to access the nearby cache server to obtain the required content by publishing the content of the website to the cache server closest to the user, so as to solve the Internet network congestion. Improve the response speed of users visiting the website, just like providing multiple cloned sites distributed in various places.
Chrominance(chroma): Chrominance, the color information of the video signal
CI (Common Interface): Common interface.
CM (Cable Modem): cable modem.
CMTS (Cable Modem Temination System): Cable Modem terminal system.
Cable Router: cable router
CVBS (Composite Video Broadcast Signal): composite video output
D
DAR (Display Aspect Ratio): Display aspect ratio.
Deinterlace: The process of restoring an interlaced video stream to progressive is called deinterlacing.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, which helps the system to automatically configure the network IP address.
DNS (Domain Name System): The domain name system, interprets the host name as an IP address (forward), or interprets IP as a host name (reverse).
DRC (Dynamic Range Compression): dynamic range compression.
DRM (Digital Right Manager): Digital Rights Management. DRM technology uses encrypted digital content and additional information to determine whether a user has the right to use the content, so as to ensure that the content is only available to authorized users. The basic principles of DRM are simplicity, flexibility and openness. The biggest challenge for DRM in the future lies in interoperability.
DSL (Digital Subscriber Loop): Digital Subscriber Loop.
DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer): Multi-channel digital subscriber line access.
DSP (digital singnal processor): It is a unique microprocessor, a device that processes a large amount of information with digital signals, and has powerful data processing capabilities and high operating speed.
DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting): Digital video broadcasting.
DVI (Digital Visual Interface): Digital Video Interface
E
EPG (Electronic Program Guide): Electronic Program Guide
F
Field: Field, interlaced video streams (Interlaced video streams) contain fields instead of frames.
Frame: Frame, the basic unit of the movie, a frame represents an image. Usually there are B, P, I frames.
Fps (frame per second): Frame rate, usually expressed by the number of frames played per second, generally 30fps for NTSC and 25fps for PAL.
FTP (File Transport Protocol): file transfer protocol
G
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format): Graphics Interchange Format
H
HFC (Hytrid fiber cable): It is a hybrid network of optical network and coaxial cable, usually refers to a cable TV network.
HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface): High-definition multimedia interface.
HDTV (High Definition Television): High Definition Television.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Hypertext Transfer Protocol, a standard protocol for transferring Web pages on the Internet.
HUB: Hub, a connecting device that connects multiple computers or other devices in a computer network. It is the smallest unit for centralized management of the network.
HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
I
IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics): Electronic integrated drive.
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol): Internet Group Management Protocol.
IIS (IIS Internet Integrated service): Web server that allows information to be published on the public Intranet or the Internet.
Interlaced: Interlaced scanning is a video storage mode. An interlaced video stream does not contain frames but some fields. Each field contains half the number of lines in a frame (all odd or all even).
IPTV (Internet Protocol TV or Interactive Personal TV): Internet Protocol TV or Personal Interactive TV.
ISDN (Integrated Service Digital Network): Integrated Service Digital Network, commonly known as "one-line communication".
ISMA (Internet Streaming Media Alliance): Internet Streaming Media Alliance.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
ITU -T (ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector)
J
JVT (Joint Video Team): Video Joint Working Group
M
MAC (Media Access Control): Media Access Control.
MDS (Multi-Point Distribution System): Multi-point broadcast television.
MGCP (Media Gateway Control Protocol): Media Gateway Control Protocol.
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)
MPEG (Motion Picture Expert Group): means Motion Picture Expert Group, usually it is the source of the video format. Currently, MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 and other standards have been released.
MP3 (MPEG-1 Layer3): A common audio format.
MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switch): Multi-protocol label switching.
Multicast: Multicast.
MPEG-4 "Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) officially announced the first version of the MPEG-4 (ISO/IEC14496) standard in February 1999. At the end of the same year, the second edition of MPEG-4 was completed and officially became an international standard in early 2000. MPEG-4 generally mentioned now refers to the second edition of MPEG-4. When MPEG-4 encodes high-definition quality IPTV programs, the usual encoding rate is between 768kbit/s and 2Mbit/s. Audio coding usually adopts MP3 or AAC coding, and the data rate is between 64kbit/s and 128kbit/s. When using AAC encoding, the typical bitstream is 96kbit/s, and the audio quality exceeds 128kbit/s for MP3 encoding.
N
NPVR (Network Personal Video Recorder): Personal network video recording.
NTP (Network Time Protocol): Network Time Protocol.
NTSC (National Television Standards Committee): The National Television Standards Committee of the United States is a common television system in North and Central America and Japan. It has a vertical resolution of 525 lines and a frame rate of 30 (29.97) FPS.
NVOD (near VOD): quasi video on demand.
NFS (Network File System)
O
OSD (On Screen Display): Generally refers to the small interface displayed on the screen.
P
PAL (Phase Alternating Line): German design, phase alternate line system. It is a common TV system in China and most European countries. It has a higher vertical resolution (625 lines), but the frame rate is relatively slower than NTSC (25FPS).
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect): Peripheral component interconnection standard.
PCI-E(Peripheral Component Interconnect Express): A new generation of PCI bus interface.
PCM (Pulse Code Modulation): Pulse code modulation.
PDP (Plasma Display Panel): Plasma display panel.
Pixel: Pixel.
PNG (Portable Network Graphic): Portable network graphics, lossless compression.
POP (Post Office Protocol)
PPP (Point to Point Protocol): Point to Point Protocol.
PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet): Ethernet point-to-point protocol.
Progressive: Progressive scan, as opposed to interlaced. A video stream containing only full frames (frames) is considered to be scanned progressively.
PVR (Personal Video Recorder): Personal video recording.
Q
QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation): Quadrature amplitude modulation.
QoS (Quality of Service): It is the quality of service management, which is the main key testing technology for broadband IP networks.
QPSK (Quaternary Phase Shift Keying): Four phase shift keying modulation.
R
RF (Radio Frequency): Radio frequency.
RJ (Registered Jack): RJ45 (network cable) and RJ11 (phone cable) are common.
Router: Router.
RSVP (Resource ReSerVation Protocol): Resource reservation protocol is a protocol for quality integration services on the Internet.
RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol): The real-time transport protocol is defined to work in one-to-one or one-to-many transmission. Its purpose is to provide time information and achieve stream synchronization. RTP usually uses UDP to transmit data. It can work on other protocols such as TCP or ATM.
RTCP (Real-time Transport Control Protocol): Real-time Transport Control Protocol, which provides flow control and congestion control services together with RTP. During the RTP session, each participant periodically transmits RTCP packets. The RTCP packet contains statistical data such as the number of sent data packets and the number of lost data packets.
RTSP (Real-time Transport Streaming Protocol): Real-time Transport Streaming Protocol, jointly proposed by RealNetworks and Netscape, this protocol defines how one-to-many applications can effectively transmit multimedia data through an IP network. RTSP is located above RTP and RTCP in terms of architecture. It uses TCP or RTP to complete data transmission and can be bidirectional.
S
SAP (Session Announcemount Protocol): Session Announcemount Protocol.
SATA (Serial ATA): Serial ATA.
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface): A dedicated interface for small computer systems.
SDK (Software Development Kit): software development kit.
SDP (Session Description Protocol): The session description protocol describes the content of a multimedia session.
SDSL (Symmetry Digital Subscriber Line): Symmetric digital subscriber line.
SECAM: Also known as sequential color TV memory, it is a TV system adopted by France, Russia, and some Eastern European and African countries. It has the same vertical resolution and frame rate as the PAL system,
But the color set by SECAM is modulated by FM signal.
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol): Session initiation protocol.
SLBP (Streaming Load Balance Protocol): Load balancing management protocol.
SMTP (Simple Message Transfer Protocol): Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
SP (Simple Profile): Simple layer.
SPDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface): Sony/Philips Digital Interface.
SSL (Security Socket Layer): Encrypted socket protocol layer.
STB (Set Top Box): Set Top Box.
S-Video (Separate Video): Super Video, S-Video.
SVOD (Subscription Video On Demand): Subscriber video on demand.
Switch: Switch, a kind of network equipment based on MAC (hardware address of network card) identification, which can complete the function of encapsulating and forwarding data packets.
T
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Transmission Control Protocol.
TeleText: Teletext.
TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol): Simple file transfer protocol.
Time-Shifted TV: Time-Shifted TV.
TTL (Time to Live): life cycle.
TVOD (True VOD): What we usually call VOD.
Throughput: Throughput, the nominal speed at which the hard disk continuously transmits data.
U
UDP (User Datagram Protocol): User Datagram Protocol.
Unicast: Unicast.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator): Uniform Resource Locator.
USB (Universal Serial Bus): Universal Serial Bus.
V
VBR (Variable Bit Rate): Variable bit rate, an encoding method that dynamically adjusts the bit rate according to the amount of information. It is possible to encode both audio and video in VBR mode, and the bit rate in the entire file will not be Fixed, the more complex parts of the video/audio will use a higher bit rate to get a better visual/auditory experience, while the other parts will get a lower bit rate.
Vertical Blanking: Frame blanking.
VGA (Video Graphics Array): Video graphics array.
VoIP (Voice Over IP): IP phone.
VOD (Video On Demand): video on demand.
VPN (Virtual Private): Personal virtual network.
VTS is the abbreviation of Video Title Set, which means it is a collection of a series of VOB files and corresponding IFO and BUP files.
VC-1 Microsoft submitted the VC-1 encoding format (development code Corona) in September 2003, and has been adopted by many companies such as MovieBeam, Modeo, etc.
(Modeo provides real-time TV streaming services for mobile devices such as mobile phones), which is also included in HD DVD and Blu-ray,
VC-1 is based on the Microsoft Windows Media Video 9 (WMV9) format, and the WMV9 format has now become the actual implementation part of the VC-1 standard.
W
WMT (Windows Media Technology) is an information streaming program proposed by Microsoft. Its main purpose is to realize the transmission of multimedia streaming information including audio and video information on the Internet and Intranet.
WMV (Windows Media Video) is the primary codec of Microsoft video technology. It has been developed to version 9. It is derived from MPEG-4. Several proprietary extensions make it possible to provide better images at a given bit rate. Quality, can support True-VBR (true dynamic variable rate coding,
Can guarantee the quality of the image during the download process) and Two-Pass encoding technology. WMA (Windows Media Audio)
It is the primary codec for Microsoft audio technology, and the codec is similar to MP3.
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