Today, 5G is more than just a dream, it has become a hot topic. Each telecommunications operator, base station (Base Station) manufacturer, small base station (Small Cells) manufacturer and user equipment supplier, etc. are all conducted 5G related research and development. For example, China (Huawei), South Korea (Samsung Electronics), Japan, the European Union are investigated 5G networks in investing considerable resources.
Which applications are driving 5G? When is it necessary to deploy and implement?
Development process from 2G to 5G
Not long ago, 5G is just a dream, a dream that promotes a new generation of mobile phones: This wonderful dream can provide any service anywhere anywhere.
Remarks: 5G (Fifth Generation Mobile Phone Action Communication Standard), also known as the fifth generation mobile communication technology. 5G is the main direction of the development of a new generation of mobile communications technology, is an important part of the new generation of information infrastructure in the future. Compared with 4G, it will not only improve the user's network experience, but will also meet the application needs of the future.
Today, 5G is more than just a dream, it has become a hot topic. Each telecommunications operator, base station (Base Station) manufacturer, small base station (Small Cells) manufacturer and user equipment supplier, etc. are all conducted 5G related research and development. For example, China (Huawei), South Korea (Samsung Electronics), Japan, the European Union are investigated 5G networks in investing considerable resources.
5G key technology
5G IoT (IoT): Internet of Things devices below 1 GHz require low data transfer rates, as well as long-distance coverage and low cost. Currently mature technologies include short-range radio / WiFi, dedicated network SIGFOX and LORA, etc. These communication protocols are designed for low power designs, which can achieve battery life for up to 10 years. Therefore, what is worth thinking is: What does 5G bring to the Internet of Things? The Internet of Things will be a huge opportunity or is it just a 5G niche market?
5G SUB-6 GHz: In 6 GHz or less, large-scale MIMO wireless communication technology enables 4G to maintain continuous evolution, more carrier aggregation and more front-end RF (RF) module integration will break through the limitations of the current technology. The initial phase of the target is to simplify the introduction of 5G using the existing 3.5 / 4.5 GHz base station site. For example, a spectrum sharing and authorization mode created for a 3.5 GHz band can also be used to deploy 5G network faster and more efficiently. This approach brings new opportunities to enterprises and industries: do not need to obtain a spectral spectrum, you can benefit from 5G technology.
5G millimeter wave: 25 GHz, 39 GHz, 60 GHz in 10 GHz, high-rate data exchange, currently mainly in the United States and South Korea:
US telecom operators Verizon and AT & T fixed wireless access. The relevant test is in progress, and the next deployment plan is implemented in approximately 15 cities in the United States.
5G Trial Services will support the Winter Olympics held in South Korea in 2018.
The application cases of the above two countries have their own characteristics, but their common is the 28 GHz spectrum, which can achieve a wider bandwidth and higher data transfer rate. In addition, 2019, Qualcomm will push 5G millimeters wave mobile phone to the market. This will require more research and development to solve the problem of antenna integration, and design 5G mm wave RF (RF) front end capable of keeping mobile phone performance and having miniaturization, low cost.
5G test has been in place, 5G industry is ready to go
5G development schedule
From the perspective of infrastructure, a large number of investments have been conducted. Telecom operators and base stations / small base station suppliers are in the test stage, and testing real scenes.
US telecom operator Verizon and AT & T's fixed wireless technology test has been successful, and enter the deployment stage in the following US cities: Osding (TX), Dallas (TX), Houston (TX), San Francisco (CA), Atlanta ( Georgia), Denver (Co), Miami (FL), Seattle (WA), Washington DC. Verizon has launched a customer trial version of fixed wireless 5G service in 11 cities in February this year; AT & T launched a fixed wireless 5G trial version in Austin - providing ultra-fast broadband services along with its Directv Now video products. In terms of infrastructure, telecom operators and Cisco, Ericsson, Nokia, Samsung, etc.
In fact, there are many 5G programs worldwide, and the profitable business opportunities are in front of you.
5G application: Timeline and main technical indicators
5G future spectrum (divided according to geographic area)
The global mobile data business is growing at an amazing speed, and the annual growth rate of compound annual growth rates in 2017 to 2022 is expected to exceed 40%. The mobile phone will become the preferred platform for 5G technology implementation. New applications and use cases, such as enhanced reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR), automatic / drone, etc., will benefit from 5G technology. However, there are many technical challenges waiting to be solved before 5G is successfully commercially used.
For wireless infrastructure, how to "ensure signal quality, increase spectrum efficiency and heat dissipation" are still urgent to solve problems. This will apply pressure on "power amplifier technology, intelligent antenna integration, and cost of radio frequency front end".
For mobile terminals, the challenge is "Intelligent Antenna Integration, and Smart Time Minute, Cost and Performance Optimization". This will pair, "all RF front end components (filter, switches, power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, antenna tuner), capable of implementing small-sized packaging technologies on various directions (x, y, z), embedding low-k dielectric And low loss interconnects to obtain good signal integrity ".
5G has high complexity and subversion
5G should integrate mobile broadband, Internet of Things, and advanced automation (such as no driving cars), all adopt a unified standard technology. As mentioned earlier, 5G has three directions: Internet of Things, SUB-6 GHz, millimeter wave. In terms of radio frequency (RF) technology, this means integrated with RF devices that require different performance. Therefore, this highly complex combination will experience different implementation stages, and the direction of 5G will not be simultaneously realized. 5G Internet of Things, 5G SUB-6 GHz and 5G millimeters will follow our development path to form parallel ecosystems with each other.
5G ecosystem
With the maturity of 5G mobile phones and wireless infrastructure technology, related applications will appear. This takes a certain amount of time, many manufacturers are already preparing for their "market cake". The new business model will appear: For example, some telecom operators are deploying a PRE-5G network (own standard), which is used as fiber alternatives to residential broadband. Qualcomm is about to launch 5G millimeters wave mobile phones, and other manufacturers are also exploring. In addition, Intel (Intel), Samsung, and leading RF CMOS / SOI foundry (Globalfoundries, Towerjazz, Taiwan Power, TSMAT, etc.) are in the 5G RF industry.
RF device and module supply chain
Finally, we are currently lacking in the 5G standard. The 3G standard is published in 2002, and 4G standard is released in 2012. Although China official has been released, 5G commercial commercial is in 2020, but the world's 5G standard will be released in 2019.
Previously, in November 2016, International Mobile Communication Standardization organized 3GPP RAN1 (Wireless Physical Layer) # 87 meeting in Neva, USA, with a multi-wheel technology discussion, 3GPP finally determined 5G EMBB (enhanced The channel coding technical solution for moving broadband) scenes, where: Polar Code code acts as a coding scheme for the control channel; the LDPC code as a data channel encoding scheme. The Polar Code code promoted by China is a 5GEMBB control channel standard plan is adopted as a 5GEMBB control channel standard plan, which is a 5GEMBB control channel standard plan, which is an important progress in China's 5G mobile communication technology research and standardization.
China is working on 5G R & D in China and international synchronization, one is to establish a collaborative working mechanism. China's multiple companies, colleges and research institutes have established IMT-2020 (5G) promotion groups, carrying out research work in 5G demand, technology, spectrum, standards. The second is to carry out 5G research and development, there are many companies in this, and universities have invested a lot of resources, fully carry out research and development in various fields in various fields. The third is to strengthen international cooperation. At present, some universities and research institutes in China have established multi-channel and multi-level docking cooperation relationships with many countries.
Commercialization time for different telecom applications
The RF industry in the next few years will be very exciting and subversive. By technological standardization, prototype design, test, and ecosystem construction, 5G will eventually become a reality, although it takes time to precipitate, "the aircraft is full of business opportunities" has been opened
Original link: https://www.eeboard.com/news/5g-31/
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