Railways is the first public transport of human invention, appearing in the UK in the early 19th century. Until the first inventive car in the early 20th century, the railway has always been the main force of land transport. With the rapid development of high-speed railways, the speed of speed measurement positioning in the train exceeds 350km / h, and the speed of speed is increasingly important. The accuracy of the speed and positioning fundamentally restricts the control accuracy of the automatic control system in the high-speed rail train operation. In order to ensure the safety of the train, and give full play to the transportation efficiency, only the immediate speed and position of the high-speed train run can ensure the normal point of the train arrives and safely operates. The traditional rail circuit positioning method is not enough to position, and it is difficult to meet the positioning requirements of the high-speed train. There is also a motor mode to achieve a speedometer, which is only available for a low speed of the train. The speed and positioning can also directly acquire the position and speed information of the train by an additional input signal, but the measurement accuracy of this manner is constrained by some factors, and there is a limitations in the cost performance. The acceleration sensor has become the current mainstream product in the speed and positioning technology of the high-speed railway, widely used.
The acceleration sensor is an electronic device capable of measuring acceleration. The accelerator is the force acting on the object during the acceleration process, which can be a constant or variable. Generally, the acceleration sensor operates according to the principle of piezoelectric effect, the acceleration sensor utilizes the crystal deformation generated by the acceleration due to the acceleration, as long as the generation of the generated voltage and the applied acceleration can be converted to a voltage output. There are still many other methods to make acceleration sensors, such as capacitive effects, hot bubble effects, and optical effects, but their most basic principles are due to the deformation of the acceleration, by measuring their deformation amount and converted to voltage output.
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The wheel shaft pulse rotary speed sensor is a long distance from the circumference of the wheel as a "ruler" measurement train, and the speed of the train is measured according to the measured distance. Although the speed of the car can be determined by a wheel shaft pulse transition speed sensor. However, there is a certain defect: that is, the wheel idling or slip will make the measurement result of the train speed error, in order to solve such problems, add an acceleration sensor on the train axle, with a pulse speed sensor. This method works: During the train slip, the internal acceleration of the locomotive is used as the source of measurement, which is not related to the state of the rotation of the wheel, and the operating time is still used in the remaining working time, which is referred to as the wheel shaft pulse sensor. Measurement of the inertial acceleration sensor. When the wheel is slippery, the acceleration sensor is measured by the acceleration sensor. The tilt component of the acceleration of the acceleration and the wheel slip is calculated, and the train runs acceleration when the wheel slip is calculated, and the value of the train is run in real time when the value is smashed.
The speed of speed and positioning method is simple, economical, and the measurement data error is specified, while the application of the current application is the leading product of the current application. The currently appearing GPS mobile communication and satellite positioning techniques are to achieve speed and positioning by directly acquiring the position and speed information of the train, but the measurement accuracy of this manner is constrained by some factors. It is not yet promoted. However, with its technical maturation, mobile communications, satellite positioning in high-speed rails will be broader. I believe that the acceleration sensor in the near future can be seen everywhere on the high-speed rail. , Reading the full text, the technology area
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