Antenna:
The antenna is a device that transmits and / or receives electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are often referred to as radio waves. Most antennas are resonant devices that work effectively on relatively narrow frequency bands. The antenna must be tuned to the same frequency band with the wireless system connected to which it is connected, otherwise it will damage the received and / or sent.
Antenna coefficient:
The antenna coefficient (AF) is defined as the ratio of the incident electromagnetic field and the antenna output voltage.
Gain:
The signal ratio of the given antenna receives or transmits is usually db, which is typically db, compared to the respective or dipole antennas. The antenna gain can only be achieved by making the antenna direction, that is, the performance in one direction is superior to other directions.
Aperture:
The aperture refers to the opening or hole of the antenna, usually the statement refers to the opening of the speaker antenna.
Balun:
The first letters of balance / imbalance. Typically, RF transformers are used to couple balanced transmission lines into unbalanced antenna systems.
Double cone antenna:
Broadband antennas consisting of two cones / components. This type of antenna is usually used for consistency testing; immunity and radiation type testing.
Broadband antenna:
Antenna capable of working on a wide frequency band.
Direction:
It is an antenna overrides the degree of focus level in a given direction. Theoretically no loss of antenna elements, called the lycritical components, allocated 0 DBI orientation gains in all three dimensions. In order to achieve higher orientation gain, the antenna is typically designed to focus only in the direction of the radio link, thereby maximizing energy.
Dynamic range:
It is a power range that can be measured between the maximum signal and the minimum signal.
Electric field (electric field):
The electric field or electric field is an effect generated by the charge which is applied to the electrical object in the vicinity of its.
Far farm:
The far field corresponds to the distance from the RF to the measurement antenna, which is large enough to radiate from source only in the radial direction. The E field and H field are perpendicular to this direction, and their ratio is 377 W (the impedance of free space).
Nearground:
The closing area of the antenna, where the angle distribution depends on the distance from the antenna.
Front and rear ratio:
This ratio is the gain after the main lobe gain. Since the antenna gain and the front rear ratio are usually in units of DB, the Front-to-Back map is typically obtained by subtracting the rear gain (all in DB) from the front to the gain.
Half power beam width:
The half-power beam width refers to the angular distance of the antenna peak field or the main lobe in the EA side, represents half of the peak field strength. Half power is equal to -3DB, so the beam width of half of the power is sometimes referred to as a 3DB beam width.
Early isotropic radiators:
A theoretical source point, which radiates evenly in all directions on a sphere in the center.
Magnetic field (H field):
The magnetic field strength measured at a particular point. Usually in amps / meters. The mismatch loss is a metric that describes the amount of power that will not be used due to the reflection wave under load. It indicates system power loss due to mismatch impedance.
Polarization:
Polarization is defined as the direction of the electromagnetic wave electric field. Polarization is generally described with ellipse. Two often used in elliptical polarization is linear polarization and circular polarization. The initial polarization of the radio wave is determined by the antenna that transmits the radio wave into the space. The environment that radio waves from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna may result in polarization. For linear polarization, the electric field vector is kept on the same plane. In the circular polarization, the electric field vector appears to rotate the polarization of the propagation direction in the circumferential motion is one of the design seals used by the RF system designer. For example, the propagation radio waves of low frequency (less than 1 MHz) are much more successful than the horizontal polarized radio wave near the earth, because the horizontal polarization wave is offset from the reflection from the earth. The electric wave of the mobile radio system is usually vertically polarized. Television broadcast has been used as a standard. Conduct this option to maximize signal-to-noise ratio. On the frequency higher than 1 GHz, there is almost no basis for selecting horizontal or vertical polarization, although one or the other may have some advantages in a particular application. It is also found that circular polarization has advantages in certain microwave radar applications, and can minimize "
Radiation mode:
Relative relationship diagram of relative radiation intensity (or power) and direction. Curve of antenna radiant energy. The change of the antenna field is a change in the axial angular function.
Reflection coefficient:
Indicates how much electromagnetic waves are reflected in the transmission medium. It is the ratio of the amplitude of the reflected wave and the wave of incident in the junction. The size of the reflection coefficient does not depend on the length of the line, but depends only on the impedance of the load impedance and the transmission line.
VSWR:
As the electric wave propagates through different parts of the antenna system (radio, feed lines, antennas, free space), it may encounter impedance differences. At each interface, a part of the wave energy will reflect back and form a standing wave in the feeder. The ratio of maximum power and minimum power can be measured, referred to as a standing wave ratio (SWR). 1: 1 SWR is ideal. In low-power applications where power loss is more critical, SWR is 1.5: 1 barely acceptable, although the correct device can still use SWR of 6: 1. Minimizing the impedance difference at each interface will reduce SWR and maximize power transmission through each part of the antenna system.
Wavelength:
The wavelength is the distance between the repeating unit of the waveform. It is usually represented by Greek alphabet lambda (λ).
X band:
The frequency range between 8 GHz to 12 GHz.
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