Speaking of hydrogen, the children know it, it is very light, the hydrogen balloon is very fun, I accidentally fly the day.
Hydrogen is readily available, and the hydrogen can be replaced by metal with a metal-strong metal and an acid than the hydrogen. The zinc and dilute sulfate were reactored with zinc and the dilute sulfate, Zn + H2SO4 = ZnSO4 + H2. Of course, it is also possible to react with metals such as potassium, calcium, sodium, and the dilute acid, which may not have HOLD.
Reaction with aluminum and sodium hydroxide solution in commercial applications:
2Al + 2NaOH + 6H2O = 2NA [Al (OH) 4] + 3H2 ↑
The zero-pressure hydrogen machine for roadside selling balloons is based on aluminum and sodium hydroxide reactive hydrogen balls. Because it is open, it is a charging, and there is no gas pressure in the machine, the safety coefficient is high.
Hydrogen is easy to obtain, steel, chemical, etc., hydrogen, chlor-alkali by-product hydrogen, light hydrocarbon cleaves, etc. These hydrogen may be bullied in the urban gas, but unfortunately? Hydrogen is a good fuel, the heat value is as high as 1.4 * 108J / kg, and natural gas is 8.5 * 107J / kg, and the hydrogen is most environmentally friendly, only water, zero carbon emissions.
The torch of our Winter Games is the use of zero emissions as a fuel.
So how much is our heat from hydrogen?
Just say from the stars ~
Looking at the night sky, the stars flashes, that is whose hydrogen removal has become helium. Our sun will consume 600 million tons of hydrogen every minute, convert it into 596 million tons of helium. After the hydrogen changes, then where is the 4 million tons of substances per second? According to Einstein's formula E = MC2, the heat generated by about 1.5kg hydrogen is coming to our planet, gives us bright and energy, all things grow against the sun, and the hydrogen nucleation is fed.
Hydrogen is a green fuel, but there is only a uncommon free state hydrogen in the earth and the earth atmosphere. In the crust, if calculated according to quality, hydrogen accounts for 1% of the total mass, and if calculated according to the percentage of atom, it accounts for 17%. Hydrogen is widely distributed in nature, and water is hydrogen "warehouse" - the mass fraction of hydrogen in water is 11%, petroleum, natural gas, and animals and flora. In the air, there is not much hydrogen, accounting for about 10 million in total volume. In the entire universe, hydrogen is the most elements according to the percentage of atoms. According to research, in the atmosphere of the sun, according to the percentage of atom, hydrogen accounted for 81.75%. In the space of the universe, the number of hydrogen atoms is about 100 times more than the sum of all other element atoms.
Although hydrogen is slightly in the natural ribbon,
However, hydrogen can be used to water.
Water gas law
Water gas is a gas generated by water vapor through a hot coke, and the main component is carbon monoxide, hydrogen.
C + H2O (G) = (high temperature) CO + H2 ↑
Such as adding catalysts, a coal can produce double hydrogen,
C + 2H2O (g) = (high temperature) CO2 + 2H2 ↑
It is very convenient to use coal hydrogen, and the cost is not high, but it is necessary to consume fossil energy coal, and the carbon dioxide is produced. This hydrogen now has a new name-grayroid.
Because of the very environmentally friendly hydrogen, only water, zero carbon emissions after combustion, if the process of manufacturing hydrogen does not produce carbon dioxide, the entire ecological process is perfect.
We can also "shake the white", after the produced carbon dioxide is captured, sealed and utilized, we called clean hydrogen, captured carbon dioxide can be fully enhanced, synthesized to degrade plastic ...
Our goal is to develop green hydrogen,
Hydrogen generating hydrogen is made using new energy.
New energy power generation refers to wind power, photovoltaic power generation and hydraulic power generation, no coal and oil in the process, no carbon dioxide.
Electrolytic hydrogen only requires water, and the electric power is displaced into hydrogen and oxygen, that is, we store electric energy in the form of hydrogen, become hydrogen energy.
2H2O = 2H2 ↑ + O2 ↑
We have hydrogen, what is the use of hydrogen?
Chemical raw materials
At present, the four sorts of hydrogen is: refining, synthetic ammonia, synthetic methanol, and direct researcher production of steel, other uses are unclear, China has to consume 2 million tons of hydrogen in one year.
Hydrogen is used as a clean new energy carrier for fuel cells, stored solar energy, wind energy, etc. renewable energy such as hydrogen, used in fuel cell electric vehicles, aircraft and ships.
The fuel cell
The fuel cell is the inverse process of electrolytic hydrogen, and the power generation process only produces pure water, which is very environmentally friendly, and hydrogenation can be as fast as it is as fast as it is.
H2 + 1 / 2O2 == H2O
Fuel batteries are not new technologies, the principles are not too complicated, and it is already a classroom teaching and experimental content of middle school. When the fuel cell is operating, the hydrogen of the anode decomposes hydrogen ions and electrons under the action of the catalyst, and hydrogen ions reach the cathode by proton exchange membrane, and electrons reach the cathode (positive electrode) along the external circuit. In the cathode, oxygen in the air is formed into a hydrogen ion, electron reaction to form water.
The fuel cell can make a charging treasure, really like a battery, can also electroly with hydrogen in the home, hydrogen hydrogen, hydrogen supply, electricity can come from solar energy, it seems very convenient.
However, the vehicle high-power fuel cell system is not as simple as complex power generation systems. Air compressors, hydrogen pumps, wind turbines, pumps, etc. are required, and the system requires motor drivers and various types of sensors.
The fuel cell power generation is not limited by the Carno cycle of the engine. Its power generation efficiency can reach 85% to 90%, but due to the power consumption of the system, the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell is about 40% ~ 60 %.
If the thermoelectric is realized, the total utilization of the fuel can be as high as 85%. This system has industrialized in Japanese family. As of the first half of 2019, Japan has sold more than 30,000 household fuel cell systems ENE · FARM.
The thermoelectronic supply fuel cell is an effective way of efficient gas, and the figure below shows 1000 cubic natural gas, 27GJ is used in thermal power generation, efficiency 58.5%. The fuel cell, 40.6 GJ of natural gas, generated 15.8gJ, heat transfer 22.8gj, unused only 2gj, efficiency as high as 95%.
Hydroges is the development direction of high energy society.
Hydrogen is green energy, also a carrier of green energy, generating electricity from new energy, electrolytic hydrogen to fuel cell, constitutes a new world's green energy chain.
We look forward to, hydrogen fuel batteries, airplanes, ships, home thermal electrical systems ... Hydrogen can be treated by the day.
Editor: JQ, Read the full article, original title: from the sun, photovoltaic to hydrogen energy - electricity electronic new style
Article Source: [Micro Signal: Yflgybdt, WeChat Public Number: Yingfine Industrial Semiconductor] Welcome to add attention! Please indicate the source of the article.
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