concept
Hardware codec is commonly referred to as hard coded hard solution, software codec is called soft coding soft decoding.
Soft code soft solution mainly depends on CPU resources. The normal use of equipment is also calculated using the CPU, so the CPU will soar when the codec is started, and the fever will not be avoided.
The hard-wring decoding mainly depends on the GPU, so that the CPU is greatly released, the performance is greatly improved, and the main use is hard solution on mobile devices. The hardware coding is also used in high-resolution video streams, and now the mainstream is using the Ying Weida graphics card.
There are generally two ways to codec for video data:
1, the way software. Soft code is mainly to process the data by software codecs such as X264, X265, the advantage is flexible, and can be customized as needed, and the disadvantage is slower. The main libraries involved include FFMPEG, WebRTC, and the like. 2, the way the hardware. Use the API provided by the hardware chip vendor to codec, these codecs have been integrated into the hardware underlayer, the advantage is fast, the disadvantage is related to the platform, and not flexible.
Common hardware codecs are:
1, MediaCodec provided by Android platform
2, Video Toolbox provided by iOS platform
3, "QuickSync provided by Intel
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Hardware decoding: The decoding work is performed by the hardware, where hardware decoding is performed by the GPU, using GPU decoding to reduce the working load of the CPU, reduce power consumption.
Software decoding: Software decoding is decoded by the CPU occupied by the software itself, so it will increase the CPU workload, improve power consumption,
Advantages and disadvantages:
Advantage of hard solution: The graphics card core GPU decodes the high-definition video, the CPU usage is very low, the image quality effect is slightly different than soft decoding, and the player needs to be set. The video played is more smooth, and it is possible to extend the time of mobile devices to play video; advantages: broadcast smooth, low-power shortcomings: limited by video format, power consumption, no soft decoding is good.
Advantages of Soft Disease: The CPU is responsible for decoding the advantages: not limited by the video format, the picture quality is slightly better than the hard solution. Soft solutions can decode all video format files, and the picture quality is more clear;
Demand Disadvantages: Since the soft solution increases the CPU workload, it will occupy too much mobile CPU resources, which will occupy high resources. If the CPU capacity is insufficient, the software will also be affected.
Soft editing: Direct, simple, parameter adjustment is convenient, easy to upgrade, but CPU load, low performance is low, and the quality is usually better than hard coding.
Hard knit: High performance, usual quality is lower than the hard-encoder, but some products transplanted excellent soft coding algorithms in the GPU hardware platform (such as X264), the quality is basically equivalent to soft coding.
H.263, H.264, H.265 / HEVC
H.263 can achieve standard definition broadcast-level digital television (720 * 576 required for CCIR601, CCIR656 standard); while H.264 is optimized due to algorithm, it can realize digital image transmission at a speed of less than 2Mbps. H.265 High Profile Enables a transport bandwidth below 1.5 Mbps to implement 1080P full HD video transmission.
The H.265 / HEVC encoding architecture is similar to the architecture of H.264 / AVC, mainly including, intra predetermined, inter-intermediction, transform, Quantization, Deblocking filter, entropy coding, etc., but in the HEVC coding architecture, the whole is divided into three basic units, namely: Coding Unit, Cu, predictive unit ( Predict Unit, PU) and Transform Unit, TUs.
Compared to H.264 / AVC, H.265 / HEVC provides more different tools to reduce the yield, in the coding unit, each macroblock / mb size in H.264 is fixed 16x16 Pixels, and the coding unit of H.265 can choose from the smallest 8x8 to the maximum 64x64.
In addition to the improvement in codec, H.265 is also significantly improved in terms of adaptability of the network, which can be well run under complex network conditions such as Internet.
In August 2012, Ericsson has launched the first H.265 codec, and after six months, ITU officially approved the HEVC / H.265 standard, the standard is a full name for efficient video coding. (High efficiency video code), compared to previous H.264 standards have a considerable improvement, China Huawei has the most core patents, the leader of the standard
H.265 is a new video coding standard established after ITU-T VCEG followed by ITU-T VCEG followed. The H.265 standard surrounds the existing video coding standard H.264, reserves the original technologies, and improves some related technologies. New technology uses advanced technology to improve the relationship between code stream, coding quality, delay and algorithm complexity, reaching optimization settings. Specific research contents include: increasing compression efficiency, improving robustness and error recovery capabilities, reducing real-time delays, reducing channel acquisition time and random access delay, reducing complexity, etc. The H264 is optimized by the algorithm, and can be achieved less than 1 Mbps. The H265 can achieve the transfer of 720P (resolution 1280 * 720) of the transmission speed of 1 ~ 2Mbps (resolution 1280 * 720)
Trend
At the age of 1080p, H.264 is the most ideal decoding method, and with 4K become industry trend, H.265 is its most ideal partner - want to show a perfect 4K picture quality Meet three must be conditions: 4K sources, 4K display screen, H.265 decoding method
Reference: Hardware, Software Decoding, H264, H265 / HEVC: https://www.jianshu.com/p/b9ba0c428f2d Video Encoding Settingsfor H.264 Excellent: http://www.lighterra.com/papers/videoencodingh264/
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