The free and open source software lacking open source hardware is always unfortunate, and the real open source is completely programmable and replicated. Many large companies have selected hardware closed sources, thus forming technical barriers and patent copyrights, hindering the development of small-scale innovators. Open source hardware, let entrepreneurs can easily convert creativity into reality.
Oshwa
So what is open source hardware? Open Source Hardware Association - Open Source Hardware Association This definition:
Open source hardware is a hardware design available through open channels, anyone can learn, modify, release, production and sales of existing design. The specific format of the source code for hardware design can be obtained for others to make it easy to modify it. Ideally, open source hardware uses the accessible electronic components and materials, standard processes, open infrastructure, unlimited content and open source design tools to maximize personal utilization hardware convenience. Open source hardware provides people to share knowledge and encourage hardware design to open exchanges while controlling their technical freedom.
Open Source Hardware (OSHWA) definition 1.0 is defined based on software open source definitions. This definition is created by Bruce Peens and Debian developers as a Debian Free Software.
Open Source Hardware (OSHW) is an entity creative term - machine, equipment, or other physical events. Their design has been released. Release allows anyone to make, modify, distribute or use this hardware design. This definition is to provide guidelines for the development and evaluation of open source hardware licenses.
Different hardware and software are physical resources should always be committed to creating physical commodities. Therefore, the person who produces a destination ("product") under open source hardware (OSHW) licenses ("product") is obvious to clarify that the product is not generated, sold and authorized before the original designer is approved, and there is no trademark owned by any original designer. .
Raspberry PI
The Raspberry Pie has recently been known to a household name. The Raspberry Pi is a single board computer with a credit card, which can be inserted into a TV and a keyboard. It is an ARM chip-based computer that can use many computers, including spreadsheet, text processing, and games. It also plays HD video (HDMI). It is developed by the British Raspberry Foundation for the purpose of stimulating the basic computer science education in school at low price hardware ($ 25) and free software. At present, the ecology of the Raspberry School has become more and more, with detailed learning materials, rich additional modules, and Pidora (Based on Fedora), Raspbian (Debian), Openelec (XBMC), and RISC OS, etc. A series of available custom systems. .
However, the Raspberry Pie is not particularly open, you can't get all the design circuits and free to copy a Raspberry Pist, the ARM Broadcom microprocessor equipped with the Raspberry Pie requires expensive automation tools to build, and cannot be obtained through retail channels. And require a series of closed source binary code. However, this statement may change after the Broadcom open graphics card driver, and one of the goals of the Raspberry Party project is completely open.
Olinuxino
Olinuxino project is similar to the Raspberry Pist, but it is completely open source. You can find all the design CAD files and code and make Olinuxino it yourself to sell or make free customization and modification based on demand.
The Olinuxino board is designed to work for actual work and can be put into industrial production environments, they support color graphical interface, network, USB driver, GPS, radio frequency identification RFID, a wide variety of sensors and audio devices.
Arduino
Arduino is a convenient and easy to open source electronic prototype platform, including hardware (all models of Arduino board) and software (Arduino IDE). It applies to friends who are interested in enthusiasts, artists, designers, and "interactive".
Arduino allows your computer to have inherently, control the ability of the real world, but not only to a single standard I / O device such as keyboard, mouse, screen, speaker. It can also be used as an independent core, as a controller of electronic devices such as robots, smart cars, laser guns, and applications.
Arduino can be used to develop interactive objects, take various switches or sensor inputs, control various lights, motors, and other physical outputs. Arduino project, can be independent, or communicate with software running on your computer.
Arduino includes a hardware platform --Aduino Board, and a development tool - Al_Aduino IDE. Both are open, which can get the circuit diagram of the Arduino development board, or the source code of Arduino IDE. In addition to purchasing an Arduino board, there is no need to pay additional costs. Arduino Board is based on a simple microcontroller, such as Atmega328, provides basic interface and USB to serial port modules. Users only need to connect to the computer and Arduino Board with a USB cable, complete programming and debugging, without a special downloader. Arduino uses a simple dedicated programming language, users don't have to master complex technologies such as assembly language and C language. IDE can be downloaded for free, and open source, cross-platform, extremely convenient.
Beagleboard
BeAgleboard is also a single board, you can run Android, Ubuntu, and Debian above it, so you can use your favorite programming language and compilation tools. In addition, all of the design graphs, CAD files, and source code are all open.
RePrap 3D printer
Reprap is the first machine in the world, self-replication, is also a 3D printer capable of printing plastic specifications.
Because many parts of REPRAP itself are made of plastic, and REPRAP can print and produce these components. Therefore, anyone will take some time, collect enough materials, can achieve self-replication of the REPRAP machine by copying and assembling the components of RePrap themselves. Therefore, REPRAP is also a "technical free" 3D printer in a sense.
Not only that, the open source characteristics of RePrap (from software to hardware are free and open source, all published under the Free Software Agreement GNU General Public License GPL) also means: no person, for any purpose, Ability to improve and manufacture REPRAP. This also fully reflects the core spirit of all open source projects: freedom, share, and reciprocity. Therefore, all the initial REPRAP models can be made to realize self-replication, and willing (technical level) to provide the model for everyone to use, everyone is used to call "Reprap" project .
Open prosthetics
Open Prosthetics is a special plan for open source, hoping to provide unpaid design by volunteers, ultimately capable of making low-cost limbs, and can make timely improvement in time, through open source community, to better meet users Demand.
Project founder Jonathan Kuniholm is still a soldier in Iraq, but he lost his right arm in the war. He has been struggling for the Ph.D. in biology. Kuniholm is working hard to provide a global apoplast to provide cheap and effective prosthesis and sharing open source hardware design.
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