Let's take a BLE-based position tracker and BLE beacon. The tracker is used in conjunction with LORA technology to make it a range of tens of kilometers.
Hardware components:
Arduino 101 × 1
Software applications and online services:
Arduino IDE
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GPS-based location tracking is one of the very important services today. We use it to navigate and use this to track our cargo location. But have you heard of the situation where GPS is not used? Today, we will discuss the idea of making location trackers using BLE and LORA technology. However, before this, we will discuss the internal content of the possible module that makes the application. We have a LBT01 LORA-based GPS tracker and a BLE beacon from Lora.
What is BLE?
Before starting research and study our existing BLE beacon. We need to understand what Ble is and how it works. BLE represents low power consumption of Bluetooth. It is a wireless personal area network technology designed and sold by Bluetooth Special Interests, aimed at novel application in healthcare, fitness, beacon, security and home entertainment. The purpose is to significantly reduce power consumption and cost while maintaining a similar communication range. Low-power Bluetooth technology operates in the same spectrum range as classic Bluetooth technology, but uses different channel sets. Low power Bluetooth has 40 2 MHz channels, not a classic Bluetooth 79 1 MHz channel. In the channel, data is transmitted using Gaussian frequency shift modulation, similar to the basic rate of classic Bluetooth. The bit rate is 1 mbit / s (2 Mbit / s in Bluetooth 5), and the maximum transmit power is 10 MW (100 mW in Bluetooth 5). Low-power Bluetooth uses frequency hopping to solve narrowband interference issues. Classic Bluetooth also uses frequency hopping, but the details are different. As a result, although FCC and ETSI class be classified into FHSS schemes, low-power Bluetooth is classified into systems using digital modulation techniques or direct sequence spreading. The maximum transmit power is 10 milliwatts (100 milliwatts in Bluetooth 5). Low-power Bluetooth uses frequency hopping to solve narrowband interference issues. Classic Bluetooth also uses frequency hopping, but the details are different. As a result, although FCC and ETSI class be classified into FHSS schemes, low-power Bluetooth is classified into systems using digital modulation techniques or direct sequence spreading. The maximum transmit power is 10 milliwatts (100 milliwatts in Bluetooth 5). Low-power Bluetooth uses frequency hopping to solve narrowband interference issues. Classic Bluetooth also uses frequency hopping, but the details are different. As a result, although FCC and ETSI class be classified into FHSS schemes, low-power Bluetooth is classified into systems using digital modulation techniques or direct sequence spreading.
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Here is also LORA technology, but today we will no longer discuss.
Interior LBT1 Lorawan Ble Indoor Tracker
LBT1 is a remote / low power Lorawan Bluetooth tracker. It is similar to Lorawan-based GPS tracker, we used some projects. You can view or view the video below here.
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LBT1 scans and finds the nearest I-Beacon information and sends it to the IoT server through the Lorawan wireless network. IoT Server should pre-configure location mapping for the beacon to track the location of the LBT1 tracker. LBT1 is positioned in indoor positioning of people and objects. LBT1 has a motion detection function, which also detects the walking steps and transmits the value uplink. The LBT1 is powered by a 1000mA rechargeable lithium battery and a charging circuit. The target is to perform real-time tracking in a shorter tracking uplink interval.
The technical specifications of LBT1 are:
Single chip: STM32L072CZT6
Flash: 192KB
Memory: 20KB
EEPROM: 6KB
Clock speed: 32MHz
This is a short introduction of LBT1 Lorawan Ble tracker from Dragino. Now we will discuss the contents of this tracker. When we open the white housing of the device, we will see the Tracker's PCB. There is no thing on the cover, except for the translucent silicon and red big buttons covering the LED. When entering the PCB board, we have a button that can be used as the SOS button or programmed for any other purpose. We have a power switch to open or close the device. In addition, the main components used to provide connection and control devices are listed below:
BLE chip: It has Nordic NRF52832 BLE chip. It is a chip that provides Bluetooth connectivity and overcomes all communication in Ble Beacon. To study this, you can go to its data sheet from this point.
STM32-based microcontroller: This tracker is equipped with STM32L072CZT6 microcontroller. It is this Tracker's brain and heart. It controls all communication in the node and all other necessary control parts required for node functions.
RFM95 LORA chip: This is a chip responsible for all LORA-based communication with this node. It connects the node to the gateway and sends the data to the gateway. It also has a bendable antenna that can be bent under the board. You can learn more about this and get other information about this module from this point.
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We also have a battery management chip, a programmer chip and a USB port, through them, we can charge and program the device. We have 4 pins that can be used to program the STM32 microcontroller to operate according to our needs. The pin is RST, CLK, DIO, and GND. Under the board, we have a 1000 MAH battery that is powered and kept open. It is a rechargeable battery. Therefore, all of these components together constitute the LBT1 Lorawan Ble indoor tracker, which can be used in a variety of tracking applications.
You can get the LBT1 tracker from here.
BLE beacon inside
Up to now, we have discussed what is BLE, then we open and check the internal content of the LBT1 Lorawan Ble indoor tracker. Now, we will understand what is the BLE beacon and the content. To this end, we have Ble Beacon from Dragino. You can get them from here. As the name implies, the BLE beacon is a beacon for low power communication through Bluetooth. The beacon device is a small radio transmitter, which is strategically installed in each position, which can broadcast low-energy Bluetooth signals within a given range. This range depends on the hardware function. The beacon device can transmit BLE signal to 80 meters. The BLE signal from the beacon can trigger a specific operation related to this location. The beacon sends an ID number through the BLE channel, approximately 10 times per second. The Bluetooth device near the beacon will get this ID number and is executed as a task of beacon programming.
Now we will see the contents of these beacons. When you open the enclosure of the beacon, we saw a small simple PCB. It has a button on it for opening or closing the beacon. It also has a CR2032 battery, which is a smooth 3V button battery that is powered by a device. Since BLE signal consumes very little, the battery is sustainable for 4-5 years. It has a battery seat, a ceramic antenna, and a crystal oscillator, but the core of the beacon is Nordic's NRF52832 BLE chip. The chip is responsible for all communication that occurs on BLE. You can learn more about the chip in detail here. All beacons have their own ID number to distinguish it from other beacon.
BLE-based indoor location tracker
We have already understood the components required to make this Tracker, and now we can continue to learn how this Tracker works. Tracker is useful when tracking the location of the object to be tracked. That is, the object will cross the same path again and again. For example, if we need to track some of the motion of some automatic driving forklift in the warehouse. What we will do is to place the LBT1 LoraWan Ble tracker on each device to track, then select the appropriate LoraWan gateway and configure the data from the tracker to the gateway according to the number of devices to track. After that, we will determine some locations that can be placed on the BLE beacon. There is a need to select a small location of the surrounding obstacle, as this will help increase the range of beacons to cover. Similarly, the placement of the beacon should make the entire path override. Now, as long as Tracker enters any beacon range, the device with Tracker will be moved. It sends the ID number of the beacon to the gateway and then sends it from the gateway to the server, where it can easily check the data. In this way, the device will be able to check the path followed by the device, and whether the mode of receiving the beacon ID on some point in time has any variations. We will know that the device follows the wrong path. Similarly, the placement of the beacon should make the entire path override. Now, as long as Tracker enters any beacon range, the device with Tracker will be moved. It sends the ID number of the beacon to the gateway and then sends it from the gateway to the server, where it can easily check the data. In this way, the device will be able to check the path followed by the device, and whether the mode of receiving the beacon ID on some point in time has any variations. We will know that the device follows the wrong path. Similarly, the placement of the beacon should make the entire path override. Now, as long as Tracker enters any beacon range, the device with Tracker will be moved. It sends the ID number of the beacon to the gateway and then sends it from the gateway to the server, where it can easily check the data. In this way, the device will be able to check the path followed by the device, and whether the mode of receiving the beacon ID on some point in time has any variations. We will know that the device follows the wrong path. It sends the ID number of the beacon to the gateway and then sends it from the gateway to the server, where it can easily check the data. In this way, the device will be able to check the path followed by the device, and whether the mode of receiving the beacon ID on some point in time has any variations. We will know that the device follows the wrong path. It sends the ID number of the beacon to the gateway and then sends it from the gateway to the server, where it can easily check the data. In this way, the device will be able to check the path followed by the device, and whether the mode of receiving the beacon ID on some point in time has any variations. We will know that the device follows the wrong path.
Therefore, this is the idea of BLE-based indoor tracker based on BLE beacon and Dragino's LBT1 Lorawan indoor BLE tracker. We also deeply understand the features inside these devices, enabling them to perform all of these operations.
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