After the computer, the rise of the Internet of Things has set off the third wave of development of the world's information industry. The Internet of Things is an important part of the new generation of information technology. It can be seen as an upgrade and expansion of the Internet. According to the INTW, the Internet of Things mainly solves the items and items (Thing to Thing, T2T), interconnection between human and articles (Human to Thing, H2T), human (Human to Human, H2H). Information exchange and communication are performed by extending and extending from the Internet to any items and items. In short, the Internet is the "Internet". IoT architecture can be divided into three layers: perceived layers, network layers, and application layers, where the connection sensation layer and the network layer are the Internet of Things gateway. In the IoT era, the Internet of Things gateway will be a vital link.
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Internet of Things Gateway Concept
As a link between the connection sensing layer and the network layer, the Internet of Things gateway can achieve a sense of the network and communication network, and protocol conversion between different types of perception networks. It can achieve broad-area interconnection. Local interconnection can also be implemented. In the wireless sensing network, the Internet of Things gateway is an indispensable core device. In addition, Internet gateways need to have equipment management functions, and operators can manage the various sensing nodes of the underlying network, understand the relevant information of each node, and implement remote control.
The form of the Internet of Things Gateway
From the definition of the Internet of Things gateway, the Internet of Things gateway is difficult to appear in a relatively fixed form. Overall, anything that can be used to transmit the information collected by the perceived layer through the protocol of this terminal, can be considered an Internet of network gateway. The shape can be a box shape or a tablet, and there may be an interactive form of the display screen or a closed or semi-closed non-interactive form.
IoT gateway key technology
1. Multiple standard interoperable access capabilities: there are many technical standards for short-range communications. Common sensing network technology includes Zigbee, Z-Wave, Rubee, Wirelesshart, IETF6iowpan, AM '/ ANRR +, WIBREE, NSTEON, and so on. All kinds of technologies are mainly for a certain type of application, there is a lack of compatibility and system planning. Such as: z.Wave is mainly used in wireless smart home networks, and Rubee is suitable for harsh environments, and Wirelesshart is mainly concentrated in the field of industrial monitoring. Implementing the interconnection of various communication technology standards, making it a problem that the Internet of Things gateway must be solved. It is a separate gateway for each standard, and then realizes the unified interface between the gateway. Still use standard fitting layers, different technical standards development corresponding interface implementation.
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2, the management of the gateway: the Internet of Things gateway as a network element connected to the network, itself has certain management functions, including registration login management, authority management, task management, data management, fault management, status monitoring, remote diagnosis , Parameter query and configuration, event processing, remote control, remote upgrade, etc. If you need to achieve the management of the whole network, you must not only realize the management of the gateway device itself, but also further through the gateway to implement the management of each node within the subnet, such as obtaining information, status, attribute, etc., and remote wake-up, control, Diagnosis, upgrade maintenance, etc. Despite the difference depending on the technical standards of the subnet. The complexity of the protocol is different, and the management content that can be carried out is different.
IoT gateway application direction
There is an objective network application, and there is inevitable to have the existence of the Internet of Things. By connecting sensors, radio frequency (RFID), microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), intelligent embedded terminals, and Internet access applications, the application of Internet access terminals, public safety, home, intelligent fire, industry Monitoring, environmental monitoring, road lighting tube control, landscape lighting control, building lighting management, square lighting management, old man care, personal health, flower cultivation, water system monitoring, food traceability, enemy investigation and intelligence collection and other areas. The protocols used by the Internet of Things Gateway in different application directions will differ from the gateway form, but their basic functions are transmitted to the Internet through relevant protocols to the Internet through relevant protocols, while achieving certain management functions. .
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Internet of Things Gateway Application Example
1, smart home
The use of the Internet of Things gateway is also a representative Internet of Things application. Nowadays, many household equipment in the home are more and more, some equipment themselves have remote control, such as air conditioners, TV, etc., some such as water heaters, microwaves, rice cookers, refrigerators, etc. do not have this ability. These devices can be very limited even if they can remotely control their control capabilities. And these devices are in isolation. Unable to effectively achieve sharing of resources and information. With the development of the Internet of Things technology, especially the increasingly mature network gateway technology, interconnection interconnection interconnected between smart homes will also be resolved.
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Smart home models are like a picture, TV, washing machine, air conditioner, refrigerator and other home appliances. Access control, smoke detector, camera, etc. Over-light lighting equipment such as a table lamp, chandelier, electric curtain, etc. Inside the home Internet access gateway device, several sets of commonly used self-contained network communication protocols are integrated, and can communicate with devices or subsystems using different protocols. Users only need to operate the gateway. You can control all the smart devices connected to the gateway at home.
2, car network gateway
The vehicle network is one of the more good industries, which is a better industry. It is considered to be a national expert group, which is expected to invest 2000 billion through the national expert group. Shanghai Chenhan Electronics Carman System, ie, multifunctional car terminal and the car network gateway two in one. Based on national standard GB-T19056-2003 / National Ministry of Transportation Industry standards, Collecting Digital Video Compression Storage and 3G Wireless Transmission Technology (Digital Video Record), combined with GPS positioning monitoring, car driving recorder, SD card large capacity storage , Driver IC card identity identification, bus stopper, multiple data interface, car Bluetooth free expression, reversing monitoring, WiFi hotspots, more passengers comfortable entertainment, car MP3 / MP4, car audio and video, car amplifier. 3G video transmission technology, double code stream transmission, rate adjustable, faster transfer, clearer video clearer. You can upload capture and alarm images through WCDMA or CDMA. Implement the mobile target real-time monitoring, do real-time transfer monitoring video and images. The multimedia driving record analysis software that own the system can achieve 4-channel image synchronous playback, conditional reposition, clip storage, character superimposed, geographic information, and driving record superposition, event analysis, and record extraction. The integrated structure is extremely compressed, the product volume expands the performance of the product, which is in line with the development trend of future car network gateways.
The concept of the Internet of Things has been previously, but the specific implementation of the Internet of Things has not formed a unified advice. The Internet of Things gateway as a key technology, has high development cost, long development cycle, hardware and software is not compatible, core technology is difficult to master, business model is uncertain, standard is difficult to unify many issues. From the perspective of resource integration, the company's mature gateway solutions are undoubtedly the best choice for project development. , Reading the full text, the technology area
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