Near infrared spectroscopy principle
The near-infrared spectrum is mainly due to the non-resonability of molecular vibration to cause molecular vibration from the base to high energy transition, the recorded mainly multiplier and combined frequency absorption of hydrogen-containing group XH (x = C, N, O) vibration . Different groups (such as methyl, methylene, benzene ring, etc.) or the same group have significant differences in near-infrared absorption wavelengths and intensities in different chemical environments, and NIR spectrum has rich structure and composition information, which is very suitable for use Measurement of composition and properties of hydrocarbon organic substances.
The infrared spectrum is closely related to the structure of the molecule. It is an effective means of studying the molecular structure. Compared with other methods, the infrared spectrum is recognized as an important analysis tool. In molecular configuration and conformation research, chemical chemical, physical, energy, materials, astronomy, meteorological, remote sensing, environment, geology, biological, medical, drug, agriculture, food, court identification and industrial process control and other analytical assays It has a wide range of applications. Infrared spectroscopy can study the structure and chemical bonds of the molecule, such as measurement of force constant and molecular symmetry, etc., using an infrared spectroscopy method to determine the key length and key angle of the molecule, and thus the stereoscopic configuration of the molecule can be speculated. According to the resulting constant, the strength of the chemical bond can be informed, and the thermodynamic function is calculated from the simply frequency. Certain groups or chemical bonds in the molecule are substantially fixed or only in the wavelet band range, so many organic functionals, such as methyl, methylene, carbonyl, cyano, Hydroxy, amine groups, etc. In the infrared spectrum, there is a feature absorption, and by infrared spectroscopy, it can be determined which organic functional groups present in unknown samples, which lays the foundation for the final determination of unknown chemicals. Due to the interaction between molecular and molecular interactions, the characteristic frequency of organic functional groups occurs finely due to different chemical environments in the functional group, which has created conditions in which inter-molecular interactions are created within the study characterization. Many simple vibrations of molecules in low wave regions tend to involve all atoms in molecules, different molecules vibration mode different from each other, which makes the infrared spectrum have characteristic characteristic as high as fingerprint, referred to as fingerprint zone. With this feature, people have collected the infrared spectroscopy of thousands of known compounds and store them into the computer, and include infrared spectrum standard spectrum. It is only necessary to compare the infrared spectrum of the unknown to the spectrum in the standard library, and the ingredients of the unknown compound can be quickly determined. The development of contemporary infrared spectroscopy has made the meaning of the infrared spectrum far beyond the conventional test of the sample and thus the composition of the compound. Infrared spectroscopy and other various test methods are used to derive many new molecular spectroscopy, for example, chromatography technology and infrared spectrometer create opportunities for the chemical structure of various components in a complex mixture system; put infrared spectroscopy The microscope method combines, forming infrared imaging techniques for studying the morphological structure of the non-homogeneous system, since the infrared spectroscopy can take advantage of different compounds using its characteristic spectrum, which makes the method have other methods of chemical contrast. In addition, with the increasing advancement of electronic technology, the semiconductor detector has achieved integrated, focal plane array detector has been commercialized, and it effectively promotes the development of infrared imaging technology, and also develops non-Fu Ye transform infrared spectrometers for future development. Created an opportunity. With the development and wide application of synchronous radiation technology, the infrared spectrometer for synchronous radiation as a light source has now occurred. Since the intensity of synchronous radiation light is higher than the conventional light source, this can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio and distingness of the spectrum. The rate, especially pointed out that recent new infrared light sources from electronic laser technology for people, high brightness, high brightness and wavelength continuous, enabling infrared imaging The technique is effectively improved in both resolution and chemical contrast. Technology area
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