"You will learn how to use Arduino to create your own parking access control system.
Hardware components:
Custom PCB × 1
Arduino Uno × 1
Sparkfun RFID qwiic Suite × 1
Sg90 micro servo motor × 1
LED (general) × two
Bread board (general) × 1
Jumper (general) × 1
RGB backlight lcd-16x2 × 1
Software applications and online services:
Arduino IDE
Radio frequency identification or RFID (radio frequency identification) is a method of automatic identification through radio signals and retrieving and storing data through RFID tags.
These RFID tags can be placed on animals and objects.
Therefore, these labels have many applications, such as uninterrupted labels placed on vehicles, animal identification.
There are three types of RFID Tags: passive tags that respond to the signal sent by the transmitter, semi passive tags and active tags that send the signal itself.
Currently, there are several ways to control access to locations: using fingerprints, keypads with passwords, and RFID systems.
In this paper, we will learn how to use RFID technology to develop access control system.
The system will include mfrc522 RFID module, servo motor for opening the door, display as system HMI and signal LED.
Therefore, in this article, we will learn how to use RFID module to develop access control.
Therefore, through this article, you will learn:
Perform circuit assembly on the prototype board;
Understand the function of RFID module;
Servo motor start;
Write on the LCD.
Now, we will begin to use RFID module to fully introduce the development of parking access control system project.
Development of parking access control system using RFID module with Arduino
The core of the project is RFID module, which is composed of printed circuit board with mfrc522 integrated circuit and antenna on the board.
When the circuit board is powered on, the module will transmit RF signals, and when the tag approaches the module, the tag will be read, and each tag has a different code.
The module is powered by 3.3 V and communicates with the microcontroller used using SPI (serial peripheral interface) communication.
To develop this project, the first step is to assemble the circuit in Figure 1.
The operation of the circuit is very simple! The servo motor is a mechanism for opening and closing doors. Each time the RFID module identifies the tag, Arduino sends a message to activate or close the door.
The LCD is used as a communication interface with the user.
Next, we'll see how the programming logic of the project works.
Operation logic of Arduino's parking system control
To program Arduino nano, we will need the following libraries:
SPI - library containing functions required to perform SPI communication.
Mfrc522 - library containing functions required to communicate with RFID module.
Servo - library containing the functions required to start the servo motor.
Wire - library containing functions required for I2C communication with LCD display.
Liquidcrystal is not installed in the Arduino ide_ I2C and mfrc522 libraries, so we must install them.
After installing the library, close the Arduino IDE and open it again.
The complete code is shown below.
/*
* Teste Leitor RFID
* tag 1 F1 B103 1F 241 17703 31
F1 B1 03 1F
tag 2 14 45 29 57 20 69 41 87
14 45 29 57
*/
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
Servo myservo ;
LiquidCrystal_ I2C lcd (0x27,2,1,0,4,5,6,7,3,POSITIVE);
#define vermelho 4
#define verde 5
#define SS_ PIN 10
#define RST_ PIN 9
MFRC522 mfrc522 (SS_ PIN, RST_ PIN);
void setup()
{
Wire.begin();
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.setBacklight(HIGH);
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(""Aproxime a sua "");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(""tag do leitor "");
pinMode(verde,OUTPUT);
pinMode(vermelho,OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
SPI.begin();
Serial.println(""Aproxime a tag do leitor "");
mfrc522.PCD_ Init();
digitalWrite(verde,0);
digitalWrite(vermelho,0);
myservo.attach(6);
}
void loop()
{
if(! mfrc522.PICC_ IsNewCardPresent())
{
return;
}
if(! mfrc522.PICC_ ReadCardSerial())
{
return;
}
Serial.print("" UID da tag : "");
String conteudo = """";
byte letra;
for (byte i = 0; i< mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
{
Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] <0x10 ? "" 0"":"" "");
Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);
conteudo.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? "" 0"" : "" ""));
conteudo.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX));
}
Serial.println();
Serial.print(""Mensagem : "");
conteudo.toUpperCase();
if(conteudo.substring(1) == ""14 45 29 57"")
{
lcd.clear();
Serial.println(""Acesso liberado "");
lcd.setBacklight(HIGH);
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(""Ola !"");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(""Acesso liberado"");
digitalWrite(verde,1);
digitalWrite(vermelho,0);
myservo.write(95);
delay(800);
myservo.write(10);
digitalWrite(verde,0);
digitalWrite(vermelho,1);
}
if(conteudo.substring(1) == ""F1 B1 03 1F"")
{
lcd.clear();
Serial.println(""Acesso negado "");
digitalWrite(verde,0);
digitalWrite(vermelho,1);
lcd.setBacklight(HIGH);
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(""Erro ! Tag nao "");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(""autorizada "");
}
delay(1000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setBacklight(HIGH);
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(""Aproxime a sua "");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(""tag do leitor "");
}
Below, we will explain the complete logic of the project.
The first thing you need to do is declare all the libraries for the components used in the project.
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
Then, declare the objects of servo motor and LCD. The object is created as follows.
Servo myservo;
LiquidCrystal_ I2C lcd (0x27,2,1,0,4,5,6,7,3,POSITIVE);
MFRC522 mfrc522 (SS_ PIN, RST_ PIN);
Now, we have connected the pin on Arduino.
#define vermelho 4
#define verde 5
#define SS_ PIN 10
#define RST_ PIN 9
The following is the void setting function. It initializes I2C serial communication, serial communication, configures the pin as output, and connects the pin of servo motor.
void setup()
{
Wire.begin();
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.setBacklight(HIGH);
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(""Aproxime a sua "");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(""tag do leitor "");
pinMode(verde,OUTPUT);
pinMode(vermelho,OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
SPI.begin();
Serial.println(""Aproxime a tag do leitor "");
mfrc522.PCD_ Init();
digitalWrite(verde,0);
digitalWrite(vermelho,0);
myservo.attach(6);
}
Now let's see how the complete programming logic implemented in the void loop function works. See the empty loop code below.
void loop()
{
if(! mfrc522.PICC_ IsNewCardPresent())
{
return;
}
if(! mfrc522.PICC_ ReadCardSerial())
{
return;
}
Serial.print("" UID da tag : "");
String conteudo = """";
byte letra;
for (byte i = 0; i< mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
{
Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] <0x10 ? "" 0"":"" "");
Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);
conteudo.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ?
Our other product:
