First, the principle of antenna
1.1 Antenna definition:
Ø Effectively radiate electromagnetic waves in a particular direction in a particular direction, or a device that can effectively receive electromagnetic waves in a particular direction of space.
1.2 Antenna function:
Ø Energy conversion - conversion of guided wave and free space waves;
Ø Directed radiation (reception) - has certain directionality.
1.3 Antenna radiation principle
1.4 antenna parameters
U radiation parameters
Ø Half power beam width, front and rear ratio;
Ø polarization method, cross polarization identification;
Ø Directional coefficient, antenna gain;
Ø The main lobe, the pair of petals, the sidepag inhibition, the zero padding, the beam under the beam ...
U circuit parameters
Ø Voltage station wave ratio VSWR, reflection coefficient γ, echo loss RL;
Ø Enter the impedance ZIN, transport loss TL;
Ø Isolation ISO;
Ø Passive third-order intermodulation PIM3 ...
U antenna sidepag
u Horizontal beam width
U before and after: Specifies the ratio of radiation power and rear ± 30 ° in the antenna
U gain and antenna size and beam width relationship
The "tire" is flattened, the higher the signal, the higher the gain, the larger the antenna size, the narrower the beam width;
Ussence points for Usten gain:
Ø The antenna is passive device and cannot generate energy.
The antenna gain is just the ability to effectively concentrate radiation or receiving electromagnetic waves in a particular direction.
Ø The gain of the antenna is produced by the vibrator.
The higher the gain, the longer the length of the antenna.
Gain increased by 3dB, and the volume is doubled.
Ø The higher the antenna gain, the better the direction, the more energy is, the narrower the wave petals.
1.5 radiation parameters
U polarization: refers to the state of the electric field vector in the spatial movement.
1.6 circuit parameters
u Roll loss
In this case, the return loss is 10 Log (10 / 0.5) = 13dB
VSWR (standing wave ratio) is another metric method for this phenomenon
u I I I I I I I Zegemic: It is a ratio of another polarization signal received by a polarization.
u Passive Travel (PIM):
When the two frequencies f1 and F2 are input to an antenna, with other frequencies, such as 2F1-F2 and 2F2-F1 (3th order), such as 2F1-F2 and 2F2-F1 (3th order), and the like due to the nonlinear effect, the signal division frequencies F1 and F2 of the antenna radiation.
Second, antenna products
2.1 antenna naming method
Antenna category:
ODP (Outdoor Directional Plate Antenna), OOA (Outdoor Top Antenna), OCS (Outdoor Bidirectional Antenna), OCA (Outdoor Bunch Antenna), OYI (Outdoor Eight Wooden Antenna), OR (Outdoor Throwing Netty lines), IWH (indoor wall hanging antenna), etc.
Half power angle:
032, 065, 090, 105, 360 (base station antenna)
020, 030, 040, 050, 060, 075, 090, 120, 160, 360 (straight discharge antenna)
Polarization mode:
R (bipolarization), V (single-polarized)
Gain:
According to the actual indicator, the current maximum is 21dBI
Connector Type:
D (DIN head), N (n-type head), S (SMA head), T (TNC head), etc.
Frequency band:
Specifications: Roman alphabets represent the second generation of products. The back letters and numbers represent information such as tilting angle, excipient, electric tones .f assault; V electrical tone; RV remote electric ton
2.2 base station antenna
All-toch antenna
Dual-frequency antenna
Three-frequency antenna
2.3 Distribution System Antenna
Smoke sensing type ceiling antenna
Lamp type ceiling antenna
Wall-hanging antenna
2.4 Outdoor Antenna
Dungent antenna: Ø narrow beam, directional intensity Ø high before and after
Eight wooden antenna
Corner reflection antenna
Parabolic antenna
User antenna
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