Although the Internet of Things has not been fully implemented, this topic seems to be old. The core concept of the Internet of Things is to place the sensor at anything and then send data back to the database via the Internet. In this way, all information can be monitored anytime, anywhere, and build more intelligent and more interactive systems.
Put the sensor on the object? It is too creative. But if you spread the sensor into the air? In this way, they can monitor all information - temperature, humidity, chemicals, sports, brain waves, everything.
This technology is called "smart dust", although it sounds crazy, it is very novel, but it doesn't seem to be so crazy.
The US Department of Defense Higher graduation (DARPA) and Rand Company have proposed "smart dust" concept in the early 1990s. The reason why we fade the above military scenarius is because it is the earliest is made by these military agencies.
But from a practical point of view, this technology can be used almost applicable to all walks of life. The "dust" on the battlefield can monitor the enemy's every move, the "dust" in the factory can monitor the operation of the machine, the "dust" in the body can monitor the health of the people, the dust in the forest can track the migration of wild animals and Wind and humidity.
With this unwanted sensor technology, the whole world can quantify. But what exactly is the specific working mode?
What is "smart dust"?
"Smart dust" is composed of "fine particles", the essence is a miniature sensor with numerous functions. This sensor needs to be implemented by means of a microelectromechanical system (MEMS). US Market Research Company Gartner describes the functions of these particles in the report:
"A typical smart dust microparticle typically comprises a conductor laser diode and a MEMS beam control mirror for active light; a MEMS angle prism reflection device for passive light transmission; one optical receiver, signal processing, and control Lines; and a power supply made of thick film batteries and solar cells. "
The "smart dust" can become a reality, but also benefit from these MEMS, as well as the development of digital circuits and wireless communication technology. The advancement of the digital circuitry can significantly reduce the volume of these "fine particles", but can still built-in batteries, memory, and wireless transmitters, it is possible to use radio RFI (RFID), and it is possible to use Bluetooth or have not yet launched wireless communication protocols. The goal is to reduce the volume as much as possible, to extend the battery as much as possible, while also running the micro-operation system to achieve various functions.
The challenge of "smart dust" is that it is necessary to fully integrate various sensors, but also transfer data back to the base station. Kristofer Pister, California, Berkeley, Kristofer Pister, Joe Kahn, and Bernhard Boser, have discussed programs that use optical transmission and radio to achieve data.
Pister is one of the top researchers and supporters of "Smart Dust" and is also the joint founders and CTO of Dust Network. The company founded in 2004 hopes to turn "smart dust" into a reality. The company is acquired by Integrated Circuit Company Linear Networks in 2011.
Control "dust" with Tinyos
If developers want to develop various open source hardware and software, it is likely to use one of Arduino and Tinyos's two operating platforms.
The main difference between Arduino and Tinyos is that the latter is designed for low energy sensors and can support wireless transmission standards. Arduino is easier to learn and use, but Tinyos provides a more comprehensive function. Therefore, Tinyos can be said to be a perfect choice for designing "smart dust" particles.
Stanford University completed most developments in Tinyos. They describe this system on the official website: "Tinyos is an open source operating system designed for low-energy wireless devices, including sensor networks, universal computing, personal local area networks, intelligent buildings and intelligent instruments. Tinyos for the underlying hardware Provides useful software. "
Tinyos's main shortcomings are that it cannot run the function that requires high performance support. Although Tinyos is a fully fully equipped operating system, it is very powerful. It uses a short code snippet to run a single task without using long code to achieve more complex action. This also makes it very suitable for the "smart dust" functional requirements, thereby achieving high frequency data collection and transmission, but does not need to support the base station to specifically collect data.
"Dust" world
Many technologies that have been created for war have brought huge technological breakthroughs for humans. Nuclear power, jet engines, radar and the Internet were originally for military purposes. The "dust" is the same, but this does not mean that it can only be applied to the military field.
The above is fictitious for the convenience of narrative, but we hope that this situation will never happen. We prefer to use this technique to carry out interstitial exploration: use "dust" to monitor the environment on planets that may be suitable for humans, or monitor the operation mechanism of human brain.
Pist and Karn elaborate some possible applications in the "Smart Dust" papers: "'Smart Dust' may be deployed into a region for recording local weather, geographic or planetary research data. It even Data measurements can be implemented in an environment where wired sensors cannot be used or erroneous. For example, a semiconductor device, a rotary electric machine, a wind tunnel, and a gyebera. In biological research, 'smart dust' may also be used to monitor insects or other small animals. Sports or internal processes. "
Pister and Kan may only introduce the "smart dust" iceberg, which may soon floating to all over the world, and quantify the whole world.
Original Source: [Bi Tete]
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