Smart home is a homemade, using integrated wiring technology, network communication technology, security technology, automatic control technology, audio and video technology to integrate home life, and build efficient residential facilities and family history management system, improvement Home safety, convenience, comfort, artistic, and environmental energy saving living environment.
Smart home is a homemade, using integrated wiring technology, network communication technology, security technology, automatic control technology, audio and video technology to integrate home life, and build efficient residential facilities and family history management system, improvement Home safety, convenience, comfort, artistic, and environmental energy saving living environment.
The most commonly implemented applications are light, water heaters, air conditioners, intrusion monitoring, smoke alarms, video surveillance, and intelligent control of curtains.
1. Communication technology in smart home
1. Comparison of wired communication control and wireless communication control
Communication technology in smart home can be divided into wired communication technology and wireless communication technology.
(1) Wired control
The cable control has the structure to place the controller within the strength box, and the switch and central controls are controlled by weak electricity control lines, respectively. Wired control adopts wired communication technology.
The advantages of wired control: safe and stable, uninterrupted; wired control disadvantages: the plan is not required to high, the line frame is high, and the post-development is difficult. This approach is used in the initial use of smart home development, and is the transition from industrial control. It is mainly used by large-area commercial venues, and gradually be replaced by wireless communications.
(2) Wireless control
Wireless control uses wireless communication technology to implement control of the device. Advantages of wireless control: simple installation and wiring; shortcomings of wireless control: anti-interference compared to wired control, signal coverage is affected by buildings.
1.2 Wireless communication technology in smart home
The wireless communication technology in smart home is mainly:
1 infrared communication technology;
2433 MHz and other radio frequency techniques for 1 GHz;
3 Bluetooth technology;
4zigbee communication technology;
5Z-Wave technology;
6WIFI technology.
Each technology has its advantages, but no matter which communication technology is used, if you want to implement remote control of home equipment, you need to access the Internet. WiFi communication technology is the mainstream technology of the handheld terminal to access the Internet. Equipment for other communication technologies other than WiFi technology should access the Internet requires a home gateway to convert, such as the smart home system of ZigBee technology, it is necessary to be in the home gateway Increase the function of ZigBee to WiFi.
The main advantages of WiFi technology in smart homes are: WiFi smart nodes can directly connect to the wireless router, thereby access to the Internet network; no home gateway, node can be expanded; do not destroy existing decoration; smartphones can conduct local area networks Control and remote control.
Of course, WiFi technology has its disadvantages compared to ZigBee and 433 MHz RF communications technologies: power consumption is large and the price is high. However, with the introduction of energy-saving technology and the improvement of chip technology, power consumption problems and price problems have gradually been resolved. Given that the WiFi module is a standard configuration of a notebook, a tablet and a smartphone, WiFi technology-based smart home will gradually be promoted and applied, and the market prospect is broad.
The following focuses on the application of WiFi in smart home around the serial port WiFi module.
2. Apply to the serial port WiFi in smart home
2.1 Serial port WIFI Overview
WiFi modules or WiFi network cards on your computer are required to run on the operating system. The hardware resources for the host are high, like a general industrial equipment and home electrical equipment that cannot directly drive such WiFi network card.
The serial port WiFi module, also known as the embedded WiFi module, is a WiFi module of the embedded TCP / IP protocol. Hardware components are mainly composed of a single-chip microcontroller and WiFi module embedded. The microcontroller is to implement bare metal drivers and TCP / IP protocols, and WiFi modules must complete the data wireless transmission and reception. The embedded WiFi module provides a UART serial port or SPI interface, so it can be easily connected to the Internet network via a serial port or SPI interface and a single-chip microcomputer.
Figure 1 is the SWM9001EU serial WiFi module developed by the WiFi chip developed by the company's independent intellectual property rights. The module integrates the TCP / IP protocol stack and WiFi module. Users can easily implement the serial device's wireless Network function, saving development time, enabling products to enter the market faster, enhance competitiveness. This module can be widely used in oilfield, mining, industrial, smart home, and IoT and other fields. The module has a mechanical dimension of 33 mm × 20 mm × 4.5 mm.
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Figure 1 SWM9001EU serial port WiFi module
2.2 SWM9001EU serial port WiFi function and indicator
(1) Basic function
1 single operating voltage is 3.3 V;
2 operating current. 1881.250 mA (operating current in energy saving mode. 1881.25 mA); Sleep current. 1881.2 mA (Switch off Wifi Power);
3CPU closes to 120MHz, embedded Flash 256 KB, SRAM96 KB;
4 Two working modes are command control mode and transparent transmission mode;
5 Complete WiFi wireless communication solution, comprehensively reduce the resource requirements of the application processor;
6 Multiple configuration methods include module built-in web configuration servers, PC-side configuration software configuration, or SCI_AT + command configuration, and mobile configuration;
7 Serial port baud rate is up to 115 200 BPS.
(2) WiFi indicator
1WLAN standard is the IEEE802.11b / g, 2.4 g ISM band;
2 Support the AD-HOC mode to form a wireless network;
3 Support WEP40 and WEP104 encryption (64/128 bits), support WPA / WPA2 PSK encryption, encryption algorithm supports AES and TKIP;
4WIFI connection is automatically restored after disconnection;
5 Module from reset to the time of establishing a WiFi network less than 5 s (WEP encryption mode) or 10 S (WPA encryption method).
(3) Built-in TCP / IP protocol
1 Support DNS domain analysis services;
2 Support DHCP automatically obtain IP addresses, and automatically open the DHCP server function in Ad-hoc mode;
3 Support network data transfer protocol TCP, UDP;
4 Support TCP server mode or client mode;
5 As the TCP client, there is a TCP disconnection mechanism to ensure that the data transmission link is stable and reliable;
6 When as a TCP server, up to 8 clients are allowed;
7 Support UDP broadcast or unicast.
The following is a specific example of the WiFi socket as a serial port WiFi module.
3. Application of WIFI socket in smart home
3.1 Application scenarios and systems of WiFi sockets
These features can be implemented using WiFi smart sockets:
1 Open the air conditioner before going home, you can enjoy the coolness;
2 Open the water heater before going home, you can take a hot bath before going home;
3 start the coffee machine before home, go home, you can immediately drink freshly baked coffee.
The advantages of WiFi socket: low cost, no home gateway; easy installation, no need to break the rings existing decoration; convenient use, you can freely expand the number of sockets; Control flexible, you can use smartphones to remotely control.
Figure 2 is a system consisting of a WiFi socket, including WiFi sockets, wireless routers, remote servers, mobile phone control terminals, mobile access networks, and Internet networks.
Figure 2 Composition of WiFi socket system
Next, look at the WIFI socket working principle:
1 Configure the name (SSID) and key to configure the router to connect to the mobile phone side;
2 Configure the module to connect the IP address of the remote server through the configuration program of the mobile phone;
3 Configure the module to electrically connect the remote server;
4 mobile phones and other control terminals connect the remote server, the next command;
5 Remote server sends the user directive to the WiFi socket in the house;
6WIFI socket completes the corresponding pass, disconnection.
3.2 Control principle of WiFi socket
WiFi outlet port by the WiFi module, a relay control circuit, and an output relay shock configured as shown in FIG.
Figure 3 Composition of WiFi sockets
The serial port WiFi module controls the control of the relay in accordance with the received control command, and the control circuit is shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4 Relay control circuit of WiFi socket
The module receives the instruction, the PC8 port outputs high, Q1 is turned on, the relay coil has current flow, the relay contact L_IN and the contact L_OUT are absorbed, the socket is powered to the load;
The module receives the disconnect instruction, the PC8 port outputs low, Q1 cut-off, the relay has no current, the contact L_IN and the contact L_OUT of the relay are disconnected, the socket is powered off.
The above is just a WiFi socket as an example, describing the smart home based on WiFi technology. If you want to achieve other functions in your smart home, the principle is similar. For example, to implement remote video surveillance, simply change the socket to the camera and achieve the corresponding software function.
4. Smart home system based on WiFi technology
WiFi technology-based smart home system consists of WiFi intelligent nodes, smart home gateways, wireless routers, remote servers, control terminals, 3G communication networks, and Internet networks, as shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5 Smart Home System Based on WiFi
Conclusion
With the improvement of people's quality of life, the concept of smart home will become more and more deeply rooted, and the full set of smart home systems is high, and for residences that have been delivered, it is very troublesome. With WiFi intelligent socket, no home gateway, do not need to destroy existing decorations, you can easily achieve intelligent control of household appliances, and do our own WiFi technology-based intelligent home construction, experience technology brings convenience.
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Source: Wiku Electronic Market Network
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