"On September 29, 2017, the mandatory standard GB 7258-2017 technical conditions for safety of motor vehicles drafted by the road traffic safety research center of the Ministry of public security, the Highway Research Institute of the Ministry of transport and China Automotive Technology Research Center was officially issued by the General Administration of quality supervision, inspection and Quarantine of the people's Republic of China and the National Standardization Administration of China, It was officially implemented on January 1, 2018. It replaces GB 7258-2012 and officially becomes the current motor vehicle standard.
Mandatory standards refer to the standards that are implemented through mandatory means such as laws and administrative regulations to protect human health, personal and property safety and the standards that are enforced by laws and administrative laws, such as drug standards and food hygiene standards, within a certain range. They have legal attributes. Mandatory standards can be divided into full-text mandatory and article mandatory. The former is mandatory for all technical contents, while the latter is mandatory for some technical contents.
GB7258 is an important part of China's national safety technical standards for motor vehicles. It is one of the important technical basis for the mandatory inspection of new vehicle types, delivery inspection of new vehicles and inspection of imported motor vehicles in China.
The newly revised standard modifies the technical requirements of driving recording device and the types of vehicles that should be equipped with driving recording device and vehicle interior and exterior video surveillance and recording system (8.6.5 of 2012 version), and adds relevant requirements such as camera configuration of vehicle interior and exterior video surveillance and recording system (see 8.6.5). And added the requirement that passenger cars should be equipped with event data recording system (EDR) or on-board video driving recording device (see 8.6.6).
Almost all commercial vehicles are covered
8.6.5 it is stipulated that all passenger cars, dangerous goods transport trucks, semi-trailer tractors and other trucks with a total mass greater than or equal to 12000kg shall be equipped with driving recorders that record, store, display, print or output vehicle driving status information such as vehicle speed, time and mileage; The traveling data recorder shall be connected to the vehicle speed, braking and other signals, the vehicle parameters shall be set in a standardized manner, and the driver identification card shall be configured. The display part shall be easy to observe, the data interface shall be easy to plug in and out of the mobile storage medium, and the technical requirements shall comply with the provisions of GB / T 19056.
School buses, highway buses, tourist buses and dangerous goods transport trucks are equipped with satellite positioning devices with driving recording function, and the technical requirements of driving recording function meet the relevant provisions of this standard and GB / T 19056, or other buses with a length of less than 6m are equipped with event data recording system (EDR) that meets the provisions of the standard, which shall be deemed to meet the requirements. Special school buses, sleeper buses and buses with passenger standing areas shall also be equipped with internal and external video surveillance and video recording systems; The equipped quantity and shooting direction of video surveillance and video recording system cameras inside and outside the vehicle shall comply with relevant standards and management regulations without shielding.
The installation of vehicle traveling data recorder is to curb traffic violations such as fatigue driving and vehicle speeding, and ensure vehicle driving safety and analysis and identification of road traffic accidents.
The history of using vehicle traveling data recorder in China began in 2004. On May 1, 2004, the State Council promulgated the regulations on the implementation of the road traffic safety law of the people's Republic of China, which stipulated the scope of use of vehicle traveling data recorder and the limit of overtime driving; After that, the vehicle traveling data recorder began to be gradually applied in the national operating buses and other vehicles.
Operating passenger cars and large transport vehicles have great potential safety hazards. Therefore, the tachograph has experienced the process from trial to gradual mandatory installation to commercial vehicles. Today, as stipulated in 8.6.5 of the latest version of technical conditions for safety of motor vehicles, most commercial vehicles need to be mandatory installed with tachographs that meet the requirements.
However, dash cam is not only effective in commercial vehicles, but also plays a positive role in passenger vehicles. However, after years of development, the shipment of dash cam in the field of passenger cars has reached tens of millions, but most of them are installed later, which is not the standard configuration of front installation.
Taking Cadillac CT6 as an example, only the top equipped models with a price of more than 400000 will be equipped with the front and rear super large view vehicle driving intelligent recording system as standard. As a product with low technical content, but practical and useful to consumers and large shipments, why hasn't the dash cam matured with the development of passenger cars?
Privacy issues in Europe and America hinder the popularization of EDR
If you want to go back to the source, you still have to look back at history. GB / T 19056 is the national standard push standard and recommended use standard of vehicle traveling data recorder, which was released in 2012. The standard specifies the terms, definitions, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, installation, marking, label and packaging of vehicle traveling data recorder, which is applicable to the design, manufacture, inspection and use of vehicle traveling data recorder.
GB / T 19056 mentioned that the European Union, Japan and other countries began to enforce the installation and use of vehicle traveling data recorders on some passenger vehicles and trucks in the form of legislation as early as the 1970s. GB 7258-2017 also refers to the EDR (event data recording system) standard, referring to the 49cfr part 563 EDR of the federal motor vehicle safety regulations of the United States.
Nthsa's special crash investigation (SCI) program first used EDR information to support the 1991 institutional crash investigation. This was done in partnership with the carmaker General Motors (GM).
Throughout the 1990s, NHTSA's Sci team used EDR as one of their survey tools. From 1991 to 1997, SCI worked with manufacturers to read about 40 EDRs to support their plans. In 1997, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) issued safety recommendation h-97-18 to NHTSA, recommending that nthsa "use EDR for crash information collection."
In August 2001, the EDR working group sponsored by NHTSA released its final report on the results of its deliberations. EDR has the potential to greatly improve highway safety.
The EDR mentioned here is different from the common video and GPS dash cam in China. The EDR here can record (1) vehicle dynamics and system status before collision, (2) driver input, (3) vehicle collision characteristics, (4) constraint use / deployment status, and (5) some post collision data, such as activation of automatic collision notification (ACN) system.
The report specifically emphasizes that EDR does not include any type of equipment for making audio or video records, or recording data such as the service time of truck operators.
The reason for this is that collecting data with video and audio in Europe and America will involve people's privacy. Therefore, although it will make driving safer, there is great resistance in the implementation process.
The National Road Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) requires all vehicles sold in the United States to be equipped with EDR after September 2014. U.S. regulations apply to the following vehicle types manufactured on or after September 1, 2012, if they are equipped with EDR: passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses with a gross weight of 3855 kilograms (8500 pounds) or less, and vehicles with an unloaded weight of 2495 kilograms (5500 pounds) or less, Except pedestrian trucks or vehicles designed specifically for sale to the U.S. Postal Service.
When national standard EDR is in progress
In order to strengthen the cause analysis and evidence collection of automobile events and establish a complete and reliable vehicle event data recording system to record the relevant data of vehicles and drivers at the time of the event, the equipment industry department of the Ministry of industry and information technology organized industry institutions, key enterprises and other units to study and develop the formulation of mandatory national standards for automobile event data recording system, The draft for comments was released on June 22, 2018.
This work comes from the basic requirements for the event data recorder (hereinafter referred to as EDR) proposed in the revision of GB 7258 technical conditions for safety of motor vehicles. EDR can automatically record the vehicle operation and vehicle safety system status information before and after the vehicle collision event, such as vehicle speed Steering angle of steering wheel, engine operation status, vehicle stability status, safety belt use status, airbag status, vehicle braking system (ABS, etc.), driving assistance system, occupant distribution, driver's reaction action in case of collision, etc.
When the vehicle has a collision event, the actual operating parameters of the vehicle before and after the collision event can be inferred by collecting and analyzing the vehicle state and driver's reaction action recorded by the collision event data recording system, which provides objective and fair technical support for the analysis and identification of the collision event.
This standard is mandatory. In order to facilitate the implementation of subsequent competent departments and industrial application, this standard recommends:
1. For the vehicle type newly applied for type approval, the recording requirements of class a data elements specified in this standard shall be implemented from January 1, 2021; The recording requirements of level B data elements specified in this standard shall be implemented from January 1, 2023.
2. For vehicle models that have obtained type approval, the class a data element recording requirements specified in this standard shall be implemented from January 1, 2023.
3. for the new type approval, the data extraction requirements in Article 4.5 of this standard shall be implemented from January 1, 2023.
From November 1 to 2, 2018, the second working meeting of the on-board electronics working group in 2018 was successfully held in Tianjin. The purpose of this meeting is to conduct more extensive discussion on the draft of the mandatory national standard automotive event data recording system (EDR) (hereinafter referred to as "EDR standard") to ensure the representativeness and enforceability of the content of the standard, This is the last large-scale consultation meeting before the submission of EDR standards for review.
It can be predicted that the national standard version of automobile event data recording system (EDR) will be officially released soon.
Passenger car front loading explosion
Except for the United States, Europe and Japan have not formed their own unified standards. Most of them are developed according to their own actual needs on the basis of referring to American CFR 563 regulations, and have not implemented compulsory installation. There is no mandatory OEM to install EDR, which has been practiced on commercial vehicles in China for several years.
In fact, EDR is very different from the popular GPS tachograph in China. The former pays more attention to the key driving data in the process of vehicle driving, especially to ensure the retention of data ranging from tens of seconds before and after the accident, and pay attention to the data analysis after the accident to help the accident evaluation and vehicle performance improvement, which is somewhat similar to the black box of aircraft.
However, most domestic tachographs are only superficial GPS data and video data, and rarely go deep into the core key data of vehicles.
However, even if it is superficial data, the tachograph is also very useful in China. No matter large and small traffic accidents or frequent porcelain bumping accidents, with the tachograph, it can help car owners solve a lot of troubles.
Because there is no privacy problem, the domestic dash cam market has been blindfolded for several years. From the commercial vehicle front loading which is close to popularization, it will penetrate into the passenger vehicle market.
According to the requirements of 8.6.6 of GB7258 standard, passenger cars shall be equipped with an event data recording system (EDR) that can record the vehicle speed, braking state and other data information when specific events such as collision occur; If equipped with on-board video driving recording device conforming to the standard, it shall be deemed to meet the requirements.
According to the requirements of the standard, passenger cars shall be equipped with event data recording system or on-board video driving recording device, and the implementation of new production vehicles shall start from the 37th month from the date of implementation of this standard.
GB 7258 was officially implemented on January 1, 2018, that is, from February 1, 2021, all passenger cars leaving the factory shall be equipped with EDR or on-board video recording device.
Compared with the commercial vehicle market, the passenger vehicle market has a large scale. At present, most of the passenger vehicle tachograph equipment in China exist in the form of later installation, and the shipment volume is huge. Within 2 years, this part of the market share will be transferred to the front decoration.
The market of rear mounted tachograph has been slaughtered for many years, and there have been no leading independent industry suppliers. The tachograph whose price has reached the price of cabbage has long been not a profit cow. With the birth of huge demand in the industry, these rear mounted suppliers will go to Beijing to catch up with the examination. Is it a bonus for low-energy children to continue to eat the policy? Or was it washed out by the real power faction?
Smart networking also benefits
Can independent tachograph suppliers take a share of this policy dividend? It is likely that there will be more or less bad luck, but EDR will drive not only this segment, but also another Tianliang market.
EDR can record some states of auxiliary driving, and the standard stipulates that it can be replaced by on-board video driving recording device meeting the specified requirements. The former can help the auxiliary driving industry develop faster, and the latter is conducive to the evolution of visual ADAS technology.
At present, China is promoting the development of intelligent networked vehicles in full swing, mainly in two aspects: assisted driving (ADAS) and advanced automatic driving (L3 and later). The development speed of these two technologies is different, but they have similarities in many technologies. For example, the most well-known machine vision technology based on deep learning.
Through the camera perception technology, the vehicle can obtain the detailed information required during driving. After data processing, the machine can have the cognition of the world and gradually replace the human perception system. This is a problem to be solved in the field of assisted driving and automatic driving, and the most important basis for faster iterative upgrading of this technology is a large number of real scene data.
Both automatic driving companies and OEMs regard data as a treasure. Because the cost of collecting data is too high, it is difficult for either party to bear to equip massive equipment to the vehicle specially for collecting data. The previous mandatory installation of commercial vehicles did not catch up with this opportunity, so they could not match in terms of standards and data.
The Chinese version of EDR equipment is mandatory for passenger cars this time. ADAS can cooperate with OEM and tier to implant in-depth learning image processing, acquisition and testing while recording video data. Automatic driving companies can also collect enough failure scenarios and train algorithms through these massive real data.
For many domestic ADAS start-ups, this part of the market and opportunities are not small. In fact, some companies have entered this field. For start-ups that cannot cut off the share of international manufacturers, this may be a way to survive in the future., Read the full text, original title: passenger car EDR broke out in 2021, and independent ADAS suppliers may become the biggest beneficiaries | ggai headlines
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