"In the early morning of December 6, Beijing time, Qualcomm announced the technical details of the new generation flagship mobile platform Xiaolong 855 for the first time at the third Xiaolong Technology Summit held in Hawaii. Compared with the previous generation Xiaolong 845, it has a comprehensive leap and can be called the strongest mobile chip today. Xiaolong 855 mobile platform has now produced samples to customers, and commercial terminals will appear one after another in the first half of 2019.
Next, let's taste Xiaolong 855 from five aspects: network connection, performance, AI Artificial Intelligence, photography and video, and entertainment games.
1、 Network connection
Xiaolong 855 itself does not integrate 5g baseband, but it can be combined with independent Xiaolong X50 5g baseband to support 5g network, which is the first in the world to support less than 6GHz (100MHz / 4) at the same time × 4 MIMO), millimeter wave (800MHz / 2 × 2) 5g mobile platform of MIMO.
The integrated baseband of Xiaolong 855 is Xiaolong x24, which is manufactured by 7Nm process and matched with 14nm RF chip. It is the world's first 2gbps LTE mobile solution (Kirin 980) 1.4gbps), download up to LTE cat.20 network system, and support 20 LTE layers, seven 20MHz carrier aggregation, 256-qam, 4 × 4. For MIMO, it supports LTE cat.13 at the maximum, 318mbps at the maximum, and supports three 20MHz carrier aggregation, 256-qam and upload data compression.
In the millimeter wave band, its network performance can exceed 20 times that of the existing commercial solutions.
The first batch of 5g mobile phones based on Xiaolong platform will adopt the combination of Xiaolong 855 processor and Xiaolong X50 baseband, together with two parts of RF and two qtm052 millimeter wave antenna modules, to form a complete set of 4G / 5G scheme.
It is worth mentioning that this mobile phone uses the Xiaolong X50 baseband when accessing the 5g network, while the 4G network is connected with the built-in Xiaolong x24 baseband, that is, two-way parallel.
In addition, Xiaolong X50 can only match Xiaolong 855 at present. It is mainly a combination of software design and optimization. There are no obstacles in hardware.
Next year, China, the United States, South Korea, Japan, the European Union and Australia will begin to test commercial 5g networks, and more than 20 operators and more than 20 OEM equipment manufacturers will be the first to enter the 5g world.
In terms of operators, China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom are listed, while in terms of manufacturers, oppo, vivo, Xiaomi, ZTE, Yijia, ASUS and HTC will follow up at the first time.
In terms of Wi Fi, Xiaolong 855 is the world's first mobile platform ready to support Wi Fi 6, that is, 802.11ax standard, which will be officially launched next year and support 8 × 8 detection mechanism (more efficient than the current 4 × 4), the energy efficiency ratio of target wake-up time is increased by 67%, and the latest WPA3 security standard is supported.
Meanwhile, Xiaolong 855 is the world's first mobile solution supporting 802.11ay 60GHz Wi Fi, with a maximum speed of 10Gbps and low delay comparable to wired networks.
In addition, it also supports 802.11ac wave 2, Bluetooth 5.0 2Mbps and USB 3.1 (including type-C).
2、 Performance
Qualcomm Xiaolong 855 is manufactured by TSMC 7Nm process. It is the third model after Huawei Kirin 980 and apple A12. It adopts various independently designed computing cores and has advanced architecture, energy consumption and performance.
The specific core area and the number of transistors are not disclosed. Qualcomm just said that such flagship mobile chips have no less than 6 billion transistors - about 6.9 billion for Kirin 980 and apple A12, and 5.5 billion for Xiaolong 845.
Qualcomm claims that compared with Xiaolong 845, Xiaolong 855 improves CPU performance by up to 45% and GPU performance by up to 20%, which is the largest improvement in previous generations.
The GPU graphics core has always been Qualcomm's strength. This time, it is upgraded to Adreno 640. Qualcomm independently designs, integrates microcontrollers, and has the lowest drive overload to reduce CPU power consumption. The overall energy consumption is ahead of the industry. At the same time, it also has rich graphics technology features, including the first support for Vulkan 1.1 graphics specification, and continues to support OpenGL es 3.2, OpenCL 2.0 FP.
Qualcomm claims that compared with other 7Nm processors, Xiaolong 855 can provide consistent ultra-high game performance without significant performance degradation over time due to overheating and frequency reduction.
There are eight CPU cores in total, and the concept of "prime core" is introduced for the first time to support multiple core and frequency combination operation modes. For example, in the new super core mode, one super core has its own frequency, while the other three performance cores and four efficiency cores have different frequencies.
In addition, Xiaolong 855 also continues to support the existing CPU mode, such as ASMP asynchronous multi-core mode, which allows the four large cores to run at different frequencies, such as big.little size core mode, which allows the four large cores to run at the same frequency and the other four small cores to run at the same frequency.
The eight CPU cores of Xiaolong 855 are based on ARM cortex architecture and independently designed by Qualcomm, including larger out of order execution window, optimized data prefetching (improving energy efficiency), etc.
Among them, the maximum frequency of one super core is 2.84ghz, the maximum frequency of three performance cores is 2.42ghz, and the maximum frequency of four energy efficiency cores is 1.80GHz.
For why the super core can run to the high frequency of 2.8g4ghz, Qualcomm said that it mainly benefits from Qualcomm's energy efficiency adjustment and optimization. High frequency has always been Xiaolong's advantage, and it will not be too far to reach 3GHz frequency.
But now the demand for CPU frequency is reduced, because many specific tasks are separated from the CPU, such as audio, video, tensor processing, etc., which no longer need too high CPU frequency.
In terms of cache, each of the eight cores has its own secondary cache, 512KB for super core, 256Kb for performance core and 128KB for energy efficiency core. At the same time, all cores share the tertiary cache.
Similar to GPU, Qualcomm also emphasizes that the performance of Xiaolong 855 CPU can be maintained at the highest level for a long time and will not reduce the frequency like its competitors.
Qualcomm also said that Xiaolong 855 has the best application startup performance, but just take a look.
3、 AI
Xiaolong 855 does not integrate an independent unit of neural network engine specially designed for AI like other schemes, but continues to rely on traditional units such as CPU, GPU and DSP, and adds a new tensor accelerator to take charge of AI and form the fourth generation AI engine.
As for why not build a special NPU, Qualcomm's view is that it can't hand over all AI tasks to one core, but use all available resources to maximize efficiency. Therefore, the whole scheme is called AI engine.
The fourth generation AI engine software suite can bring a series of improvements to Qualcomm neural processor SDK, Google Android NN API, hexagon NN and math library. For a wider range of network accuracy optimization and neural network categories, it can support terminal side AI voice, shooting, game and XR experience.
The DSP digital signal processor is upgraded to the latest hexagon 690, which is independently designed, integrates the traditional DSP capability with the new AI processing capability, and has the corresponding security processing capability.
Qualcomm also said that its DSP has shipped more than 10 billion in total.
The hexagon 690 has a four thread scalar kernel with performance improvement of 20%, four vector extension cores (hvx), performance improvement of 1 times, and a tensor accelerator (HTA), independently designed and specially designed for AI, supporting multivariate mathematical operations, nonlinear equations, int16 / int8 and mixed precision integer operations.
Meanwhile, the number of Adreno 640 GPU Alu arithmetic units has been increased by half, supporting fp32 single precision and fp16 half precision floating-point operations, while kryo 485 CPU supports fp32 floating-point and int8 integer operations. CPU, GPU, DSP and tensor accelerator, all units comprehensively realize proprietary and programmable AI acceleration.
Gao Tong said that Xiaolong 855 can handle 7 trillion operations per second, up to 40% higher than apple A12.
This performance is three times higher than that of Xiaolong 845 and one times higher than that of competitors.
In addition to hardware and technical support, the more important aspect of AI is, of course, ecological construction. Qualcomm has done a lot in this regard and has a great wealth of frameworks, systems, software, functions and snake support. Especially in the aspect of software ecology, Chinese manufacturers are quite eye-catching: Shangtang, Kuangshi, Youdao, Netease, iFLYTEK, spitchi, elephant sound, Tencent, Baidu Alibaba and others are working hard.
Through special echo cancellation and noise suppression AI acceleration, Xiaolong 855 can also bring a more advanced terminal side voice assistant solution. Users can talk with the voice assistant at any time.
Google also specially came to the summit to support it, focusing on the combination of Google lens and Xiaolong AI. In particular, the delay can be shortened by 3 times and the energy efficiency can be improved by 3.7 times.
4、 Shoot
Xiaolong 855 integrates a new spectrum 380 ISP image signal processor. It is the world's first computer vision (Cu) ISP. It integrates a large number of hardware acceleration functions, supports the most cutting-edge computing photography and video photography functions, and reduces power consumption by up to 4 times.
During shooting, in addition to the ISP's own processing flow, Xiaolong 855 also added a computer vision pipeline to improve the quality of photography and video recording through further identification and processing of characters and backgrounds.
It supports hardware based depth sensing, and can conduct real-time video shooting, object classification and object segmentation in the state of 4K HDR 60fps. Users can shoot a video and accurately replace the selected object or background in real time.
Moreover, the spectrum 380 is also the first ISP to support hdr10 + video capture.
In terms of power consumption, Qualcomm claims that compared with the traditional CPU + GPU + DSP scheme, the cv-isp scheme can reduce the power consumption of human body tracking by half, the power consumption of object tracking and object detection by only one fifth, and the power consumption of 4K video can also be reduced to one quarter.
Xiaolong 855 also supports helf encoding format hardware acceleration, which can reduce files by 50%.
5、 Entertainment Games
In terms of games, Xiaolong 855 is the first platform to support the new elite gaming experience, including true HDR (10 bit color depth / more than 1 billion colors / rec.2020 color gamut), film level hierarchical color matching, film level tone mapping, highly demanding physical rendering (PBR) and Vulkan 1.1 graphics library.
By customizing the algorithm, it can reduce the frame drop by more than 90%, and even the ultimate game can run smoothly on Xiaolong 855.
Officially, Vulkan 1.1 can reduce power consumption by 20% compared with OpenGL es, and improve performance by 20% based on physical rendering.
In terms of film and television, Xiaolong 855 has an enhanced theater level experience, realizes commercial support for hdr10 + playback on mobile terminals for the first time, and adds h.265 and VP9 hardware to accelerate decoding, which is conducive to extending battery life.
Vr virtual reality, ar Augmented reality, Mr hybrid reality and other XR applications are also a major focus. Xiaolong 855 supports 8K resolution volumetric VR immersive experience, which can bring absolute freedom, such as real-time and unrestricted viewing experience, learning experience, entertainment and play experience, sharing dynamic experience, and even breaking the visual boundary between the real and virtual world.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that Xiaolong 855 is also the first mobile platform to support Qualcomm 3D ultrasonic sensor, the world's first commercial solution to support off-screen ultrasonic fingerprint identification, and the only mobile solution that can penetrate different types of stains and accurately identify fingerprints. It can not only make the appearance of mobile devices light, but also have higher security and accuracy.
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Original address: https://www.eeboard.com/news/855-5/
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