"One said that" radar ", you must first appear first in your mind," Military Radar ", however, the radar we have to discuss today is the radar in our lives. With the intelligence of life, it is getting higher and higher. High-precision distance detection, sports detection, speed and mobile orientation testing are more demand, such as smart cars, family building security, robots, drones, industrial automation and other fields. Today, I will recommend it for everyone. A 24GHz FMCW radar solution "distance2go" launched by Bettelon.
Distance2Go is a complete set of Britthing radar system assessment platform, including a high-integrated 24GHz transceiver one-piece BGT24MTR11 and 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller XMC4200 a development board (board debugger), demo software And highly interactive graphical interface tools, users can easily debug in a MicroSB line.
Distance2go out of the box
The Distance2go Evaluation Board Suite is a white carton packaging, and the side has model information.
After opening the package, there is a Distance2GO evaluation board, a USB data cable, and a guide manual.
The Distance2go Evaluation Board is packaged by anti-static bags, open packaging, and the board has housing protection. The front is launched in the front of the British Flying Log, and the four-sided needle extension interface is reserved.
The back surface of the circuit board is mainly radar emission and receiving antenna.
Remove the discance2go housing, you can see that the board is very delicate, only 50mm x 45mm size, almost 1/2 size of a business card.
Dostance2go's devices are mostly attached to the front of the board, mainly divided into two parts: onboard debugging and radar function, separated by the hollow tank.
The circuit board is designed with a 6-layer plate and a blind hole design. The TOP layer is the device layout and the microstrip line layer, the second layer is the reference ground of the TOP layer, and the third, 4th floors are other signal line layers, the BOT layer is the microstrip, the 5th floor is BOT layer Reference formation. Since the bottom layer of the board is antenna, the through hole cannot be used in the antenna area, the board card uses blind hole technology, and the impedance dielectric layer uses a high-frequency performance of Rogers plate.
The main performance parameters of Distance2GO are as follows:
Minimum detection distance:
50cm
Maximum detection distance:
15M (1 m2 area of radar scattering)
26M (radar scattering cross-sectional area 10m2)
measurement accuracy:
30cm (radar scattering area 1m2)
20cm (radar scattering cross-sectional area 10m2)
Distance2go hardware
The Distance2GO Evaluation Board mainly includes a radar motherboard area and a broken debug board portion. The radar motherboard area contains four important parts: RF part, analog amplifier part, frequency control section, and digital parts, as shown below:
The RF portion consists of the Yingfeilling 24GHz radar MMIC-BGT24MTR11 chip, including microstrip patch antennas for TX and RX portions.
The digital part consists of the XMC4200 (32-bit ARM CortextM-M4 microcontroller) of Infineon, used to sample and process analog data at the front end of the radar, and configure the BGT24MTR11 chip via the SPI interface.
The analog amplifier portion takes the signal processed by the RF part after being sent into the digital portion of the board.
The frequency control section contains a low noise decimal frequency-locking ring.
The following picture shows the basic hardware function block of the Distance2GO evaluation board:
Its main working principle:
A microstrip antenna is integrated on the Distance2GO evaluation board, and the Wilkinson pin is used to send a differential transmitter output power signal from the radar IC to then the antenna. Each receiver channel is connected to a two-stage analog amplifier in its IF output.
The evaluation board uses the XMC4200 microcontroller as the controller of the radar motherboard, sampling and processing the simulated downconverted signal from the baseband amplifier using the integrated 12-bit model converter (ADC), and controlling the radar chip through the SPI interface, the user is not only You can read different sensor outputs by controlling the output power of the radar chip to the SPI settings.
The low noise decimal segment lock ring (PLL) IC is used to perform frequency control and FMCW modulated wave generators. The output voltage of the PLL RF input pin is connected to the PLL RF input pin, and the output voltage of the PLL charge pump is connected to the tuning port of the BGT24MTR11 through the loop filter, thereby forming a closed loop system.
The entire process is used to lock the transmission signal of the module to the output frequency in the ISM band. The integrated 1/65536 pre-propeller produces a low frequency output signal (about 23 kHz), connected to the comparison of the XMC4200 and the capture unit (CCU4) for frequency monitoring.
The development board is powered by Micro-USB, and the low noise LDO is powered by various partial modules. The BGT24MTR11 power supply port is controlled by the PMOS switch, and the internal sensor can be operated in the duty ratio mode by controlling the radar chip power source to reduce power consumption. The power tree block diagram is as follows:
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Yingfeilling 24 GHz radar transceiver BGT24MTR11
Distance2go Evaluation Board of the core for your onboard British BGT24MTR11 radar transceiver chip. This is the leading product of the BNF BGT24 Series 24 GHz radar transceiver products, used for signal generation and reception of silicon germanium MMIC (single-chip microwave integrated circuit), operating frequency range of 24.0 to 26.0 GHz.
BGT24MTR11 is a highly integrated single-chip microwave chip with 1 TX and 1 RX, controlled by SPI interface, internal integrated voltage control oscillator (VCO), power amplifier (PA), integrated temperature and power sensor, pre-divided frequency conversion Machine and IQ receiver, the hardware system block diagram is as follows:
The voltage controlled oscillator includes an output frequency of the switchable frequency pre-speculator 1.5 GHz and 23 kHz.
The main RF output provides a typical value of 11 dBM signal power and auxiliary LO output, which can be used to provide LO signals for separated receiver components;
The receiving end has a low noise amplifier (LNA), an RC multiphase filter (PPF).
It is also worth mentioning that the BGT24MTR11 also includes an output power sensor and a temperature sensor.
The main characteristics are as follows:
24GHz ISM frequency band transceiver MMIC
Completely integrated low phase noise VCO
Sputable pre-divided specifier with 1.5GHz and 23kHz output
Sliced power and temperature sensor
Zero correction harmonier by Gilbert
Single-end RF and LO terminal
Low noise coefficient NFSSB: 12 dB
High conversion gain: 26 dB
High 1 dB input compression point: -12 dBm
Single power supply voltage 3.3 V.
Low power is 500 mW
200GHz bipolar SiGe: C technology B7HF200
Fully ESD protection equipment
VQFN-32-9 package
Yingfine XMC4200 microcontroller
What is interesting is that Distance2Go is equipped with two Yingling 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 XMC4200 microcontroller, a main control as radar, as shown in the following figure. Another one as a board debugger, communicates with the master MCU through the UART pin, the board is pre-installed, and the debug is directly downloaded without the additional emulator.
The XMC4200 hardware system block diagram is as follows
The role of the master XMC4200 microcontroller in DSISTANCE2GO is mainly used for sampling and signal processing, and includes some peripheral systems that control radar, including:
80MHz frequency, 256KB Flash, 40KB RAM
Two CCU4 units for universal timers
Two 12-bit ADC, each with 8 channels; 1 12-bit DAC, two channels
USB2.0, integrated PHY; CAN interface
4 universal serial interface channels available for UART, SPI, I2C, I2S, LIN interface, etc.
Distance2GO has a 2x4 microtic patch antenna for transmitting and receiving a portion. The antenna's simulation gain is about 12 dBi, and the opening angle is 20 ° X42 °. The figure below shows the 3D radiation map of the simulation:
In addition, Distance2Go provides two 12pin external interfaces, including modules analog output and various other signals for detecting, can be connected to an external signal processor through these interfaces. The extension interface is defined as shown below:
Distance2go software
Before performing Distance2GO debugging development, you need to register user information to the official website of Bette, if you have already registered, you can use this account information to send a full software and firmware development package. Listening to the UFC engineer, they are optimizing software acquisition processes, there is no need to register, they can download, recently, it will be very expected, which will greatly facilitate the development of boards.
The development package name is "radar_d2g_fw_sw_hw_all_in_one", which contains files such as hardware PCB, development routines, and the development package file directory structure as shown below:
Distance2go provides a PC-side application Radar GUI that can be used to display and analyze the acquired data in the time domain and frequency domain, and the GUI tool allows the radar time domain signal to allow advanced debugging and algorithm development. Users can use the following software tools to implement Distance2Go complete development.
SEGGER J-Link is mainly used for board debugger tool software.
Since British Ling XMC Flasher and Dave are developed based on Java, you need to install the Java operating environment in advance. XMC FLASHER is the MCU program download tool provided by Infineon. XMC 4200 Serial Port Drivers are serial port drivers when the DISTANCE2GO board data port is connected to the PC (Win10 system does not need to be installed). Infineon Toolbox Based Radar GUI is the main radar hosting of Distance2go. Dave is the development of the UFC MCU microcontroller program, which is used here to develop XMC4200 radar control procedures.
After the software is installed, you can develop debugging. The Distance2go development board has pre-installed firmware that detects and speeds up, if updated, you can use the XMC Flasher download program. First use the USB cable to connect the debug interface of the development board, as shown below:
After the software is started, the debug tool is configured for segger, the interface is SWD mode, the chip model is XMC4200-256, then click the connection.
Click the Select File button to select the program file. In the "Radar_D2G_FW_SW_HW_ALL_IN_ONE" development package already contains the compiled program HEX file, you only need to select a file that is appropriate to test the function. Then click Erase, Program, Verify in sequence, and then the download and verification, as shown below:
The "Radar_D2G_FW_SW_HW_ALL_IN_ONE" development package provides five different functions development routines, developed using software DAVE. Radar_d2g_doppler is used for motion speed detection, Radar_d2g_doppler_fmcw is used for speed and distance detection, Radar_d2g_fmcw is used for distance detection, Radar_d2g_fmcw_ha detects, Radar_d2g_fw does not contain speed and distance detection algorithm, including original data, for users to develop their own algorithm .
After importing the project with Dave software, as shown in the following figure, it is a familiar Eclipse development environment that can easily develop and debugging software development.
The next step is to connect the radar debugging tool. After opening the Infineon toolbox, INFINEON TOOLBOX integrates multiple debugging tools in the Toolbox, and can search for other Beton tools in the toolbox. As can be seen in the figure below, the Radar GUI already has installed.
Then use the USB cable to connect the data interface of the development board, and control the test results through the Radar GUI.
Open the Radar GUI debugging tool, the software will automatically connect the DISTANCE2GO development board and make information such as display test status. If the connection is unsuccessful, you need to check if the serial port driver is installed, and the Win10 system can be used without installing the driver. The picture below is the Radar GUI tool software interface.
The left side of the software in the above picture is the configuration information bar, which shows the current parameters of the current development board, and can also modify the parameters here, and then configure, and debug. The software Spectrum column displays the spectrum results after real-time fast Fourier transform (FFT). The Object Angle column is a pole view that shows the orientation information of the real-time measurement target and distance information. The Range column shows the measurement distance. The Velocity column shows the speed. The figure above shows the distance of the Distance2GO development board to the ceiling on the desktop. It can be seen that the result of the measurement is 1.94 meters and the direction angle is 0 °. The Radar GUI provides the FFT frequency domain information, and sometimes domain information, click "Time Domain" to display the time domain image of the I signal of the development board ADC sample in real time, as shown in the figure below:
Distance2go measured
Since there is no standard 1m2 or 10m2 radar wave reflector, the author can only choose the easiest and rude way, find a wall, test the distance from the wall by evaluation board. Distance2go needs to be installed on a bracket before testing, using the USB cable to connect to the laptop, in order to provide sufficient electrical energy and convenient testing, the author connects two USB cables, one download, one transfer data. Use the tape measure to measure the distance between the actual and the wall. The effect of installation is as shown below:
As shown in the figure below, the Distance2Go antenna is adjusted to the wall, and the height of the ground is about 1.5 meters. Test data within 25 meters respectively.
The test data is as follows:
Since there is no standard radar wave reflector, the measurement method also causes certain errors, so the test results are for reference only.. From the test data, the error fluctuation ranges within 30 cm, which is in line with the official standard. In addition, the deviation is a positive deviation, and the measurement accuracy can be further improved by calibration, and the deviation is controlled within a smaller range.
summary
Distance2go offers a complete 24GHz FMCW radar solution, Briting Yingling high-integrated BGT24MTR11 single-chip microwave integrated chip, convenient and easy to use; equipped with stable and reliable 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller XMC4200 as radar The controller saves costs and reduces development difficulty. At the same time, Infineon offers perfect software and firmware development materials, humanized hostile debug software, can quickly acquire sampling data available to develop radar signal processing algorithms on PC or use DAVE programming software directly on microcontrollers Target detection algorithm verification. The PC-side desktop graphical user interface can display the original IF orthogonal output signal, the FFT spectrum, the target distance and speed information, which can be applied to quickly play various application development.
The user can implement and test a variety of sensing applications and tests in the 24 GHz ISM band, such as the Doppler's motion detection, based on Doppler's motion direction detection, and Based on Doppler's motion direction detection and based on Doppler. This makes the use scenario greatly increases, such as multi-rotating drone landing and anti-collision, robot technology, smart home lighting, security and other scenes. Distance2go can utilize direction detection than traditional motion detection, such as automatic doorkelics, can be opened by judging when moving in the door direction of the motion direction, reducing the number of open number, reducing energy consumption. 24GHz radar can provide good performance support in extreme environments, such as high temperatures, cold, wind, and strong light photos. At the same time, 24GHz radar can be installed under some penetrated materials, which is easy to hide, which is convenient for better design. Users who are interested in these areas can go to the official website of Yingfine to buy this kit. At the same time, the panel has recently launched the DISTANCE2GO evaluation board for free application, interested users may wish to pay more attention. "
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