Solutions, Miscellaneous WSN promotion door
WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) has been applied in various fields in recent years, such as military defense, scientific fields, environmental monitoring, transportation, warehousing logistics, medical care, agricultural prevention, wisdom buildings, oil and gas, bridge rivers, aerospace flights, etc. Wait. Through the built-in multiple sensor nodes, the sensing and collecting data will be transmitted to the central control computer through wirelessly, to be used as a purpose of collecting, analysis, early warning, anti-protection.
Early industrial WSNs have no common system specifications, in the design of node deployment and system, must spend a lot of time, spending for a few years, to test, correction, improvement, causing WSN implementation obstacles.
Since the WSN's node components are mainly MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) sensors, with RF (wireless radio frequency) communication chip, processor (usually with MCU microcontroller), electricity (battery, power, solar energy, etc.), in software / Firmware design Add independent and intelligent function (adjustable route, intelligent collection, fault tolerance, etc.).
In order to make WSN's operation more efficient, many chip mills, Netcom Factory, system program factory have successively put into the development of new generation WSN hardware components, as well as related product solutions, provide simple installation, adapt to various harsh environments, long time Features, precise sensation, various power saving modes, data security, etc., to attract customers to import usage to save testing and deployment.
Cultural multi-board design of WSN sensors
Many sensors are currently designed with MEMS components. The sensor species used by WSN can be said to be included, such as power / inertial motion (accelerator, gyroscope, LVDT, linear variation differential transformer), pressure (pressure gauge, sphygmomanometer), magnetic (magnetometer), Optical (ambient light sensor, hydraulic sensor, photovoltaic sensor), chemical, gas (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, air, oxygen, hydrogen, methane), thermal energy (thermometer).
There is also a fluid class (fluidometer), positioning class (GPS satellite navigation, LVDT, encoder), visual class (camera), radio frequency (intensity detector, RSSI, received signal strength indicator, etc.), rotating class ( Magnetometer, encoder), and humidity (humidity), height class (air pressure gauge), color class (color meter), volume class (differential interferometer, radiograph interferometer), quantity class (optical inspection instrument, etc. ), Etc. In addition, many sensors are also used in the computer, such as a content class (motherboard temperature), recognition class (fingerprint recognizer), activity class (overclocking detection, etc.).
The WSN's development board has expansion capabilities in the system, which can connect the above-mentioned sensors to expand its sensing function through the daughterboard. When the sensing demand is changed, it is only required to replace the slab. .
Strive to make overall low power WSN node product solutions
WSN's sensor node requires low power design, and its network transmission specification is based primarily based on IEEE 802.15.4, and ZigBee, 6LowPan, etc. are based on the wireless transmission protocol of this underlying standard specification. The WSN's data collection gateway can be used to use a computer to use the Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Action Network, and transfer the data to the central host.
Therefore, the system chip plant is aimed at the characteristics of WSN, which has introduced WSN-specific RF chips, and there is also an SOC (system single-chip) that integrates RF function. It has small size, low power characteristics; also introduces WSN development modules, can be connected Solution of sensor slabs. These manufacturers include ATMEL, ST (STAC), Silicon Labs, Linear Technology, Live, Libelium, Digi, Rohm, etc.
For example, the ST-launched STM32W MCU family is based on IEEE 802.15.4 SOC, using ARM Cortex-M3 24MHz processor, built-in 64 ~ 128KB flash memory, with 8K SRAM. Support ZigBee and 6lowPan protocol, and with AES-128 hardware Encryption function to ensure data transmission security.
Atmel's XPlained Series Hardware Development Evaluation Platform has a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M0 + 48MHz (ATSAMR21 series, providing 64K ~ 256KB flash memory, hardware touch function), or lower power-consuming 8-bit AVR The MCU is selected (a wide temperature environment of -40 ° C ~ + 125 ° C), and the wireless communication is supported by 802.15.4 and ZigBee and other applications.
The EMBER Zigbee development tools launched by Silicon Labs use the EM35X series SOC. Em351 / EM357 high performance series, built-in 32-bit ARM CORTEX-M3 processor, operating frequency is 6, 12, 24MHz, including 128 ~ 192kb flash memory Have read protection, 12KB RAM, AES-128 hardware encryption. Suitable for applications in intelligent energy collection, construction or home automation control, safety monitoring, and WSN applications.
Other WSN Product Applications & Solutions
Linear Technology is based on its own research and development experience in energy, launches the product of Dust Networks-SMART Martmesh IP and SmartMesh Wirelesshart, which is available in Industrial Field. The former includes sensor node products such as LTC5800 / 5900/5901-IPM (based on 6LowPan and 802.15. 4E Technical Specification), while the latter includes LTC5800 / 5900/5901/5902-WHM (based on IEC 62591 Wirelesshart specification).
The processor uses a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 architecture, with AES-128 hardware encryption function, performs its Dust's embedded SmartMesh IP network software, with intelligent network analysis functions, allowing each node to connect each other. In addition, ultra-low power consumption below 50uA is equipped with an energy acquisition module, each sensor node can be supplied to power supply to extend the battery life, and even free of battery. Suitable for applications in data centers, industrial automation, regenerative energy, long-range monitoring, transportation, etc.
Open Snifer constituting architecture for monitoring WSN network quality
In addition, Open Snifer like SEWIO is a WSN network traffic and quality monitoring product. The principle is to connect to the device through a network packet, and the remote computer is connected to the device, and the WSN network operation is obtained; it can be installed in an indoor environment with a sensor network to detect whether the WSN is operating normally, and there is no suffering Other signal interference or hacker attacks.
The connection map of WSN and back-end central systems and clouds based on 802.15.4 zigbee protocol
It supports IEEE 802.15.4, ZigBee, 6LowPan and other Mesh network architectures, and up to 31 wireless channels, suitable for wireless transmission environments around the world. The product is in size and power-saving, the weight is 130g, the volume is 101x72mm, and the power consumption is only 250mA. On the setting, only the web browser, Wireless software) can provide customers to diagnose WSN environments. Use.
RFID in WSN application
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system, is currently widely used in life. The principle is mainly composed of electronic volume label (TAG), reader, when the card reader and RFID TAG are closely sensing, you can quickly identify its ID, and do For a variety of applications. Like logistics management, various venues, leisure cards, electronic tickets, animal chips, highway electronic charge (ETAG), etc. These use passive RFID technology, label does not need to build a battery, only must be set Insuspend inly within the fixed distance, it can be energized and data read and calculated.
As for the active RFID technology, the label itself has a battery, the induction distance is long, the memory is large and can be erasive, which can actively detect the RFID card reader of the week, pass the data over. Since the active RFID can form an effective activity area around, the application range is wider. For example, an indoor location that is not received in the indoor positioning, providing positioning requirements. If you have deployed a variety of RFID card readers, identifiers, you can use applications such as personnel positioning, vehicle control, and artistic tracking. However, the active RFID has a large label volume, and the battery has a life limit, and the cost is also high.
At present, most of RFID only has only simple identification and do not build any sensors. Unless special applications (such as the RFID tag of the blood bag, the temperature meter can be detected at any time), and there are also vendors to develop RFID-based WSN sensor networks, using 1 pair 1 induction method, application in non-environmentally sensing Control places such as companies, factories, hospitals, etc. There is also a scholar proposing RFID + WSN's Hybrid (mixed) integration scheme, in the same way, the WSN sensor node or sensor gateway, which must also be built, and also built an RFID reader, so it is not deployed twice. In addition to the use of environmentally sensing, it is also possible to simultaneously control personnel or items.
Source: Electronic Wiogu
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