"In It's FOS, we are not talking about Linux" command line ". Basically, I am more focused on Linux desktop. But some people in your readers indicate in internal surveys (only to IT's Foss Newsletter subscribers). You also want to learn some command line skills. Speed checks are also popular with most readers.
To do this, I edited a list of underlying network commands in Linux. It is not a tutorial that teaches you how to use these commands, but a command collection and their short explanation. So, if you have already used these commands, you can use it to quickly remember the command.
You can add this web page as a bookmark for quick review, or output a PDF version for offline.
When I still have a communication system engineering, I have a list of this Linux network command. It helps me get a high score in computer network courses. I hope it can help you in the same way.
Linux underlying network command list
I use FreeBSD on computer network courses, but these UNIX commands should also work on Linux.
Connectivity
Ping
: Send ICMP Echo Messages (a package) to the host. This may not be sent until you press Control-C. Ping's Mong. The flavor is sent from your machine via ICMP and appears in the IP layer. Ping tells you whether another host is running.
Telnet [port]: Communicates with the host at the specified port. The default Telnet port is 23. Press Control-] to exit Telnet. Other common ports are:
7 - ECHO port
25 - SMTP, used to send mail
79 - Finger (LCTT Translation: Wikipedia - Finger Protocal, however, Finger is probably not as appropriate, not as good as 80?), Providing information about other users under this network.
ARP
ARP is used to convert an IP address to an Ethernet address. Root users can add and delete ARP records. When the ARP records are contaminated or errors, they will be useful. ROOT Explicitly Add ARP Record is a permanent-proxy setting. The ARP table is saved in the kernel and is dynamically operated. The ARP record will be cached, usually fails after 20 minutes, and is deleted.
ARP -A: Print the ARP table.
Arp -s [PUB]: Add a record to the table.
ARP -A -D: Delete all records in the ARP table.
Routing
NetStat -r: Print the routing table. The routing table is saved in the kernel and is used for the IP layer to route the packet to a non-local network.
The Route Add: Route command is used to add a static (manual designation rather than dynamic) routing path to the routing table. All traffic from the PC to that IP / subnet will via the specified gateway IP. It can also be used to set a default route. For example, use 0.0.0.0 at the IP / subnet, you can send all packets to a specific gateway.
ROUTED: Controls the BSD daemon of dynamic routing. Start up when boot. It runs the RIP routing protocol. Only root users are available. No root permissions You cannot run it.
Gated: Gated is another routing daemon using the RIP protocol. It also supports OSPF, EGP, and RIP protocols. Only root users are available.
Traceroute: The route used to track the IP package. Each time it sent a package, add the number of hops to 1, so that all the gateways from the source address to the destination will return the message.
NetStat -Rnf inet: Displays the routing table of IPv4.
Sysctl net.inet.ip.Forwarding = 1: Enable packet forwarding (turn the host into a router).
Route add | delete [-net | -host] : (such as Route Add 192.168.20.0/24 192.168.30.4) Add a route.
Route Flush: Delete all routes.
Route Add -Net 0.0.0.0 192.168.10.2: Add a default route.
Routed -pripv2 -pno_rdisc -d [-s | -q]: Run the routed daemon, use the RIPv2 protocol, do not enable ICMP automatic discovery, run, supply mode, or quiet mode on the front desk.
Route Add 224.0.0.0.0/4 127.0.0.1: Define multicast routing for local address. (LCTT translation: original doubt)
RTQuery -n (LCTT Translation: Added Host Parameters): Query the RIP daemon on the specified host (manually update the routing table).
Other
NSLOOKUP: Query to the DNS server, turn the IP to the name, or vice versa. For example, Nslookup Facebook.com gives the IP of Facebook.com.
FTP [Port] (LCTT Translation: The original Water should be a pen error): Transport files to the specified host. You can usually use the login name "Anonymous", password "" guest "to log in.
Rlogin -l (LCTT Translation: Added Host Parameters): Log in to the host using a virtual terminal similar to Telnet.
Important file
/ etc / hosts: Mapping of domain names to IP addresses.
/ etc / networks: The network name to the IP address mapping.
/ etc / protocols: Mapping of protocol names to protocol numbers.
/ etc / service: TCP / UDP service name to port number mapping.
Tools and network performance analysis
Ifconfig [UP]: Start the interface.
Ifconfig [DOWN | DELETE]: Stop the interface.
Ethereal &: Open Ethereal instead of the front desk in the background.
TCPDUMP -I -VVV: Tools that capture and analyze packages.
NetStat -w [Seconds] -i [Interface]: Displays network settings and statistics.
UDPMT -P [port] -s [bytes] target_host: Send UDP traffic.
UDPTARGET -P [Port]: Receive UDP traffic.
TCPMT -P [port] -s [bytes] target_host: Sends TCP traffic.
TCPTARGET -P [Port]: Receive TCP traffic.
Switcher
Ifconfig SL0 Srcip Dstip: Configure a serial interface (execute slattach -l / dev / ttyd0 before this before, then execute sysctl net.Inet.ip.Forwarding = 1)
Telnet 192.168.0.254: Accessing the switch from a host from the subnet.
SH RU or show Running-Configuration: View the current configuration.
Configure Terminal: Enter Configuration Mode.
EXIT: Exit the current mode. (LCTT translation: original doubt)
VLAN
VLAN N: Create a VLAN that ID N.
NO VLAN N: Delete the ID of the ID N.
Untagged Y: Add port Y to VLAN N.
Ifconfig vlan0 Create: Create a VLAN0 interface.
Ifconfig vlan0 VLAN_ID VLANDEV EM0: Add EM0 to the VLAN0 interface (LCTT translation: original doubt), and set the tag as ID.
Ifconfig VLAN0 [UP]: Enables virtual interfaces.
Tagged Y: Adding tag frame support for the port Y of the current VLAN.
UDP / TCP
SockLab UDP: Run SockLab using the UDP protocol.
SOCK: Create a UDP socket, equivalent to entering SOCK UDP and BIND.
Sendto : Sends a packet.
Recvfrom : Received data from the socket.
SockLab TCP: Run SockLab using the TCP protocol.
Passive: Create a passive mode socket, equivalent to SockLab, Sock TCP, Bind, Listen.
Accept: Acceptable connections (can be performed before or after the connection to the connection).
Connect : Equivalent to SockLab, Sock TCP, Bind, Connect.
Close: Close connection.
Read : Reads N bytes from the socket.
Write: (for example, Write Ciao, Write # 10) writes "" CIAO "or 10 bytes to sockets.
NAT / firewall
RM /ETC/Resolv.conf: Disable address resolution, guarantees your filtering and firewall rules to work correctly.
IPNAT -F file_name: Write the filter rule into the file.
iPnat -l: Displays a list of rules for the event.
IPNAT-C: Reinitialize the rule table.
Map EM0 192.168.1.0/24 -> 195.221.227.57/32 EM0: Map the IP address to the interface.
Map EM0 192.168.1.0/24 -> 195.221.227.57/32 Portmap TCP / UDP 20000: 5000: Mapping with port numbers.
IPF -F file_name: Write the filter rule into the file.
IPF -F -A: Reset Rule Table.
Ipfstat -i: The status entry (LCTT translation: original doubt) when the -s option is integrated with the -s option.
I hope this foundation Linux network command collection is useful to you. Welcome various questions and recommendations.
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