The big legene of receiving and watching TV shows is coming. In order to facilitate watching TV, the industry is being dedicated, and PDA is even a small television receiver in the mobile phone. These small devices can receive digital terrestrial broadcast signals like DVB-T, DVB-H, and other formulations. It is extremely important that the tuners used here must have excellent sensitivity, miniaturized profile and low power consumption. Therefore, Infineon launched a new type of silicon tuner, the model OmnituNetm TUA9001, can be operated with 3.3V or 2.8V, as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: TUA9001 function block diagram.
TUA9001 contains most of the necessary RF modules, integrating more than 150 discrete components used in the current Mopll tuner. In the RF tuner using TUA9001, the low noise amplifier (LNA) is an external. This external LNA has great flexibility in maximizing sensitivity (low noise factor f) or linearity (neighboring ACI performance). When using English BGA728L7 LNA's BGA728L7 LNA, system performance requirements will be easier to meet. This LNA has low power (1.8V to 3.3V power supply) and excellent noise coefficients, and its gain can be "high" (+ 16dB, providing high sensitivity (@ 1.3 dB)) and "low" (-5dB, providing Switch between high linearity). TUA9001 and BGA728L7 can achieve only 2.5dB of total noise factor, which is a major breakthrough relative to Mopll CAN tuner technology. In addition, BGA728L7 can be turned on and off at a femto second to support the time slice function used in DVB-H.
Infineon, can provide users with a number of TUA9001 and support a number of digital standards, which help to shorten the development time and time to market. The reference design provided by Infineon realizes the constraints required for mobile receivers while meeting criteria such as MBRAI and Nordic. These references have a network interface module (NIM) for DVB-T and CMMB, and various baseband ICs can be bought in the module. Figure 2 is one of the reference designs for DVB-T.
This reference design is only equipped with SMD devices on one side of the PCB, and the entire DVB-T tuner can be installed in an area of 2 square centimeters, which can develop a tuner based on TUA9001 and meet Nordic standards, and achieve more traditional CAN NIM lower BOM cost, smaller footprint, and lower power consumption. In LNA, the low-cost radio frequency transistor BFR380 from Bedling is enlarged from the radio frequency signal from the single antenna. The division of two receiving frequency bands of VHF BIII (170 to 240 MHz) and UHF (470 to 960 MHz) is also used in a duplexer, which is required in single antenna (if not required) if using separate VHF / UHF antennas. The performance of the duplexer depends primarily on the required ACI (neighboring interference) performance; there are a variety of designs to cover all ACI Nordic cases and provide sufficient margin. The radio frequency signal sent to TUA9001 is further enlarged, and the frequency is converted in the I / Q demodulator and then filtered.
Tua9001 has two integrated AGC modules: one is a broadband RF AGC with built-in detectors, it does not need any control or feedback signal from the baseband demodulator; the other is the control baseband PGF (programmable gain filter) gain Narrowband AGC. The baseband demodulator can control the narrowband AGC via an analog voltage (e.g., a filtering PWM signal). In order to achieve faster and uninterrupted amplitude control, a dedicated AGC bus can be controlled.
The I2C or three-wire bus is used to control the IC parameters, set the chip to two different modes: a mode for implementing the best IC linearity, and the other for achieving the lowest IC power consumption. Which mode is specifically dependent on the system requirements. For example, set-top box manufacturers may tend to high linearity modes, while cellular phone manufacturers are more willing to choose low power mode.
A crystal having a frequency of 26 MHz, a maximum and noise reduction exception is used in the above reference. The measured noise is approximately -100 dBC / hz @ 1kHz. Its noise power is less than 10mRAD, so that SNRP (refers to a signal-to-noise ratio caused by noise reduction) to reach 40 dB. It is estimated that this performance is sufficient to meet the requirements of 256QAM- or even 1024QAM-OFDM planned in the latest standard DVB-T2. The reference design in Figure 2 can be easily mounted directly to the PCB board of the set-top box, a USB adapter, or any other mobile device. This reference design uses a 4-layer PCB. Since all oscillators are integrated in TUA9001, there is little need to avoid various interference specified by the basic EMC without shielding. A reference design with a 2-layer PCB that meets ultra-low cost applications is currently under development. Compared with traditional Mopll ICs, the main advantage of this type of DVB-T silicon tuner using TUA9001 is that it only requires half of power (~ 200MW).
DVB-T and DVB-H standards for implementing MBRAI are also available in other reference designs based on TUA9001. Due to sensitivity and linearity requirements more stringent, these reference designs use high-performance BGA728L7 (LNA), sensitivity can reach -99dBm. The test results of BGA728L7 are shown that the sensitivity for CMMB can reach -100dBM. TUA9001 silicon tuner has been widely used in mobile phones and other portable media players. For applications with time slicing mode, the receiver only works when receiving the required service. The TUA9001 and BGA728L7 or BFR380 in these reference designs have such embedded functions. The switching time of TUA9001 and BGA728L7 is less than 1 ms, while BFR380 takes approximately 1.5 ms. One advantage of BGA728L7 is that when the input signal is strong, it can reduce the gain, just like the ACI. The first test result indicates that the LNA can handle input levels greater than 0 dBm in low gain mode. When the gain is high from a low transition to high, the LNA provides the optimal performance of the RF amplifier, namely, low noise and high linearity. For equipment that strongly requires ESD protection in an antenna input, an ESD0P4RFL diode packaged in TSLP-4 can be employed. The line capacitance of this diode is only 0.4 pF, and the air / contact discharge protection voltage is as high as ± 15kV, so it is particularly suitable for this application.
In pure digital fixed equipment and most of the mobile applications, the transition from traditional MOPLL ICs to the silicon tuner has begun. Sufficient size, lower power, high linearity, high sensitivity performance, and easy realization, etc. can be achieved with TUA9001. Users can now obtain the above reference design for evaluation and start product development. The silicon tuner is being created a new era of a television receiver. Technology area
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