"Speaking of drones, it may make everyone know more familiar to DJI (DG). Duojiang, this miracle of this drone industry, hard is the original public recreation, and even said the drone development of children's toys It is an industry.
The basic composition of the drone includes the master, power supply, motor drive, motor, various sensors such as three-axis accelerometers, gyroscope, pneumatic meter, magnetometer, etc., but these basic characteristics have been ignored by the public, the current test The quality of the sale of a drone product may be the performance of the camera it is equipped, the camera + Pun Tai has formed a natural perfect match with the drone, how many people buy drones are to see more Farwardly place, go to see where those who have never been embarrassed, the ancients clouds "the world, the gentle, very view, often in the danger, and the people are uncomfortable ", And now there is a drone, we don't have to take a look at the heavens and the earth who have never seen it. This article will introduce four kinds of drone solutions including from entry-level to high-end.
New Tang M452 Flying Control Suite
The new Tang M452 Flying Control Suite is not a complete drone program, only part of the core components, and like the motor, rack, electric tonary, etc., etc., it is necessary to match itself, so although the user's DIY cost, However, it is undoubtedly to choose DIY ideal aircraft model.
Look at the flight control board for the M452 Flying Control Suite, it is very delicate and compact, should also consider placing the layout on the four-axis rack, the electronic components on the flying board are layout in one side of the PCB, outside The expansion interface is the surrounding layout along the PCB board, which is convenient to bring out various signal lines.
The main control of the flight control board is a new Tang NumiMRO M452 USB series microcontroller, based on the ARM Cortex-M4 processor, built-in DSP, and floating point arithmetic units, which can be better responsible for flight master function. At the same time, a flying panel is equipped with an electronic compass for judging the direction for a set high air pressure gauge and a stable MPU-6050 6 axis accelerometer / gyroscope.
The effects of each sensor on the M452 flying panel are as follows:
The main role of the acceleration sensor is to provide a horizontal reference to the four-axis aircraft using gravity effects.
The gyroscope is used to measure the angular velocity, which reflects the change in its own angle.
The main role of electronic compass is to provide a directional reference for the four-axis aircraft to use the groundborn aircraft.
In the DIY of the four-axis aircraft, the respective signal connections of the flying board are shown below, as can be seen, in addition to several functional interfaces necessary for the aircraft, the flight control panel also reserves the Bluetooth serial interface and can access More sensors expand IO ports, more practical.
The actual DIY is based on the new Tang push M452 flying control kit. The aircraft mainly includes M452 Flight Control Panel + N79E814 Remote Control Board + Southern Silicon Valley 2.4G SSV7241 Wireless Transceiver Module, with New Tang's information, code, and software tools, etc. Users can easily implement the development and debugging of boards through NU-Link ME.
Summary, the M452 Flying Control Suite is indeed a very good drone DIY development kit.
Yingfine drone suite
Infineon's four-axis aircraft program main is a complete system solution, a reliable, low-power four-axis aircraft, not only allows you to continue to continue, save you 30% of projects. Development cycle, the main control is a high-end XMC4500 series microcontroller.
The kit contains the main flight control and electrical modules in the four-axis aircraft, so it makes up a simple, complete four-axis aircraft only needs to add a motor, and the lithium battery is very convenient. What's more, Yingfeiling itself recommends the corresponding motor, lithium battery specifications in the documentation, more convenient for users to DIY.
Flying panels are solid, after all, when actually debugging, the "crash" will be sent from time to time, and the size of the flight control board of Bette is not small, which is a small challenge for the strength of the PCB and the onboard device. In addition to the XMC4500 primary controller, the flight control panel device and the function interface include:
Based on the transfer of the microcontroller XMC4200 Series microcontroller, with MicroSB interface
A microSB interface, GPS signal interface, lithium battery voltage monitoring interface, wireless control signal interface
RN42 Bluetooth module for connectivity control with mobile APP
Pneumometer DPS310, used to calculate the level of the four-axis aircraft
9-axis sensor MPU9250, including acceleration, magnetometer, gyroscope function
Among them, the power supply of the flying control board supports 7.4 ~ 12.6V power supply, and the power supply has converted into 5V DC output through the IFX91041V50 5V DCDC switch of Yingfei Ling to 5V DC output, and then supplied to microcontrol from the IFX1117MEV33 LDO output 3.3V voltage. The sensor is powered.
Electric toner
The Motor Driver Board of Infineon includes a half-bridge circuit composed of a motor controller, a half bridge drive circuit, and a MOS tube, as shown in the following figure.
The motor control IC uses the XMC1302 microcontroller in the English Flying Family XMC1000 series, based on the ARM Cortex-M0 kernel, mainly used for real-time controls such as motor drive.
XMC1302 microcontroller characteristics:
32-bit ARM Cortex-M0 processor, 8KB ON-Chip ROM, 16KB SRAM, 200KB Flash
Two universal serial interface channels (USIC): can be used as UART, SPI, I2C, I2S, LIN interface
AD conversion, 3 analog comparators, temperature sensors
Industrial Control Peripherals: CCU4, CCU8, POSIF, BCCU
System Control Unit: WDT, RTC, SCU (for system configuration and control)
As in XMC4500, as a series of products for motor control, XMC1302 also includes many special units, CCU4, CCU8, POSIF, providing engineers with a convenient development environment. Infineon XMC1302 Microcontroller + Yingfiling Half Bridge Drive IC IR2301S + Yingfine BSC0925ND MOS Tube Composition Half Bridge circuit output drive three-phase motor U, V, W signal, is the core of the entire four-axis aircraft electrode.
Summary, it is worth mentioning that it is noted that the components on the flying control board + electric tuning board, in addition to the individual sensors, other core devices are not in English, this is the real system solution. .
SiHid COFDM (encoded orthogonal frequency division multiple) HD map
COFDM wireless image transmission is a modulation technology that currently has very great development potential. The basic principle is to convert high-speed data flow over string and converted to a few subchannels with lower transmission rates, which is to transmit a broadband channel in the frequency domain. A narrowband transmission is divided into multiple overlapping sub-channel signals. The COFDM graphics can effectively solve two problems, one is a multipath interference that occurs in the mobile image, and the other is broadband transmission, and high quality image screens can be realized.
Here is a COFDM HD digital wireless map development kit, suitable for applications where there are currently some mobile device maps for high-definition wireless maps, such as drones.
SiHID COFDM HD Digital Wireless Graphic Development Set includes a SiHID COFDM 2.4GHz dual antenna transmitter, an FC2400A 2.4GHz receiving module.
SiHID COFDM 2.4GHz Double Antenna Transmitter is dismantled after an SEM9363 HD coding modulation plate and D-PA2400A power plague.
SEM9363 HD encoding plate
To implement a map, the preferred video data is required, and the SiHID SEM9363 wireless digital map pass code modulation board enters HD digital video through the Microhdmi interface, and then makes video compression encoding by the board, the compressed video signal is passed. FPGA implements COFDM channel modulation, from the entire scheme, this is the core of the Silicoham Temple, and the modulated video signal is converted to analog signal modulation to analog signal modulation.
In addition, the SEM9363 HD encoding panel simultaneously converts the HI3516A processor debug serial port, the JTAG commissioning port, an OSD interface, control serial port, and power supply, etc. to the external interface of the D-PA2400A power platen.
D-PA2400A Power Plate
The D-PA2400A power platen contains two independent radio frequency power amplification modules, which look like an AVAGO MGA-22003 power amplifier, the two power amplifier modules perform power amplifier output of the radio frequency signal output from the SEM9363A, as shown below .
In fact, the D-PA2400A power enlarge plate sets the Hi3516A debugging serial port on the SEM9363 modulation board, and the FPGA JTAG commissioning port, the OSD interface, the control serial port, and the power supply are concentrated, and the two boards are connected by FPC connecting the PIN extension. Connect, at the same time, the two RF outputs of the SEM9363 board are connected to two RF input interfaces of the D-PA2400A board via the IPEX cable. The working parameters of each power amplification module on the D-PA2400A board are as follows:
Working frequency: 2.400GHz ~ 2.483GHz
Gain: 34 ± 1dB
Power output 1DB: 31DBM
FC2400A 2.4GHz receiving module
The FC2400A receiving module down-converted frequency board converts the received 2.4GHz RF signal to a 250MHz signal, and then performs the COFDM demodulation into a digital signal through the channel demodulation module. Finally, the demodulated digital video signal is transmitted to the mobile phone. Or PC) Do H.264 decompression playback.
Among them, the RF output of the FC2400A board is connected to the RF input of the COFDM Demodulator module through the RF line. In addition, I believe that many engineers are also very familiar with the hardware combination of R820T + RTL2832U, which is a program of previously popular TV sticks.
The parameters of the FC2400A lower frequency board are as follows:
Working frequency: 2.400GHz ~ 2.483GHz
RF interface: SMA antenna interface
Receive sensitivity: 8MHz -96 ± 1dBm, 6MHz -97 ± 1dBM
8-bit parameter setting switch (receiving and demodulation parameter setting)
Micro USB Interface (USB SLAVE), performs H.264 decoding playback of devices after demodulated video access notebook \ tablet \ mobile phones.
Power supply voltage: 5V
The basic hardware block diagram of the entire map transmission kit is shown below.
Summary, actually trial, SiHid COFDM HD digital wireless map development kit is still very good. In addition, in addition to this development kit, Yanhaida can also customize different specifications of digital HD wireless map transmission according to customer applications, such as
Other operating frequency bands and RF power can be supported by designing a PA module of different specifications;
You can change the existing design to add additional video input and output processing interfaces, such as transmitted terminal AV input, USB input, SDI input, receiving end HDMI output, SDI output, etc .;
The IP protocol mode is low-delay long-distance broadband data transmission, and the like.
Daxin SPARK
Daxin SPARK can be said to be a gesture to control aircraft scheme launched by DJI. The connection LC1860C main control + link LC1160 PMU is configured. The LC1860C is the main application processor on the Red Rice 2A of the year, 4 ARM Cortex-A7 processors, main frequency 1.5GHz, additional 2 core mAlit628 GPU, with 13 megapixel camera processing capability and 1080P @ 30fps codec So from here we can also find the limit of Spark recording video, 1080p @ 30fps, LC1160 is a supporting power management solution.
Lower LC1860C is a beautiful flash of flash memory + to consume FBGA CODE. It is known that the specific model is MT29TZZZ4D4BKERL-125 W.94M, integrated 4GB EMMC and 512MB LPDDR3.
The LC1160 power management chip is the USB2.0 HUB chip GL850h, and then the weight of the heavy-action cells Movidius MA2155, the full name vision processor Vision Processing Units (VPUS), which is specifically for computer visual optimization, which is optimized for computer vision. 3D scan mode, indoor navigation, 360 ° panoramic video, etc., to achieve those functions on the Spark, such as 3D graphics perception, gesture identification, intelligent follow, so this VPU is also drone The core unit of the visual positioning system. At the same time, this is also a AI chip in the current edge calculation. Before Intel also launched a neural calculations based on this chip, of course, there is a more powerful Intel Myriad X, if you are interested in this. Viewing the evaluation of the neural calculations 2 generation.
Xiao Spark's flight control is not simple, using Microchip's ATSAME70Q21 chip, based on ARM Cortex-M7 processor, the maximum main frequency is 300MHz. The STM32F303 + MP6536 combination next to the flight control is some motor drive circuit.
The WiFi transmission scheme on the Spark is the use of high-pass flags, this is a 2.4G / 5.8GHz dual-band WiFi chip with USB2.0 interface, support 802.11a / b / g / n standard, maximum transmission speed 300Mbps .
The signal is used to use two amplifier chip SKY85809. The signal corresponding to two different frequency bands, the phone is controlled to 2.4GHz band, the Spark remote control can achieve a 5.8GHz WiFi connection, and the official SPARK can achieve 2 km distance HD signal. This is the actual experience, which can only be under the conditions of the shaped object.
Xi Xiao Spark's charging management unit uses Ti's BQ25700 boost charging chip, with 4 MOS tubes, can realize the charging treasure with 5V mobile phone charger or ordinary 5V USB interface, this is also a big highlight on Spark, no Remove the battery to charge 11.4V smart flight battery.
Summary, from the SPARK solutionLook, it can be said that the sparrow is a small five or more, and the SPARK has achieved integration, such as 3D sensing system, visual positioning system, etc., in addition, SPARK's overall structure, etc. And the layout can also see its excellent system design, comparable to the teaching books in the drone, I believe that many users can upgrade their self from imitation.
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