"With the development of Internet of things (IOT), wearable and portable devices, consumers are tired of messy cables and batteries that need to be charged frequently. The advantage of wireless charging is far more than getting rid of the shackles of cables. At present, there are a variety of near-field and far-field charging Wireless Technologies in the market, including inductive, resonant, ultrasonic and infrared charging, etc. these technologies need to follow different standards and compromise to varying degrees. With people's yearning for the wireless world, charging technology is expected to grow rapidly.
Foreign enterprises developing wireless charging technology (including chips / solutions / transmitting and receiving devices) mainly include IDT, Ti, Freescale, Qualcomm, Broadcom, ansenmey, Maxim, linglilt, NXP, St, Intel (the business has been closed in May this year), Fulton, WiTricity, powerbyproxi (invested by Samsung), energetic, Delphi, Panasonic, Toshiba, Roma, Fujitsu, Renesas Ricoh, etc.
In China, there are Zhonghui Chuangzhi, Xinye, ZTE, Jinxin micro, meidada, weie, spootin, China Resources silicon, Xinjie, Volta, Huanxi technology, as well as Taiwan Lingyang, Xintang, MediaTek, technology, likan, shengqun, etc.
Here are nine wireless charging technologies and specific schemes:
1、 Electromagnetic induction wireless charging mode
Principle: the current passes through the coil, which generates a magnetic field and induces electromotive force to the nearby coil to generate current
Transmission power: W-5W
Transmission distance: mm - CM
Frequency range: 22khz
Charging efficiency: 80%
Advantages: suitable for short distance charging; High conversion efficiency
Limitation: only when placed in a specific position can it be accurately charged; Metal inductive contact will generate heat
Solution providers: Ti, Freescale, Toshiba, Powermat, Splashpower, Sunplus, etc
The specific schemes are as follows:
1. Texas Instruments (TI) launched the industry's first 15W wireless power transmitter bq501210 that meets the wireless charging Alliance (WPC) v1.2 standard and has passed Qi certification. The transmitter can achieve 84% system efficiency. Compared with traditional wireless power supply equipment, its heat dissipation is significantly reduced. In addition, the transmitter supports a variety of fast charging protocols and has a series of flexible and customizable features, such as personal electronic products, medical and space limited industrial applications.
2. Toshiba's storage and electronic component solutions company also announced that the wireless charging transmitter system using Toshiba's "tc7718ftg" 15W wireless charging Transmitter IC has been certified to meet the Qi v1.2 EPP (extended power distribution) standard formulated by the wireless charging Alliance (WPC). The system adopts mp-a2 (12V single coil wireless charging transmitter system defined by the wireless charging alliance) which supports simple system configuration. It is the first mp-a2 transmitter system certified by Qi in the industry.
3. Toshiba launched the wireless charging receiver IC - "tc7766wbg", which is certified to meet the Qi formulated by the wireless charging Alliance (WPC) V1.2 EPP (extended power distribution) standard. Tc7766wbg is the only 15W receiver IC certified by Qi in the industry. 。。。。。。（ I won't list them one by one)
2、 Magnetic resonance wireless charging mode
Principle: when the energy at the transmitting end meets the receiving end with the same resonance frequency, the electric energy is transmitted by the resonance effect
Transmission power: kw
Transmission distance: cm - M
Frequency range: 13.56khz
Charging efficiency: 50%
Advantages: suitable for long-distance high-power charging; Moderate conversion efficiency
Limitation: low efficiency; Safety and health issues
Solution providers: St, MIT, Intel, IDT, Fujitsu, etc
The specific schemes are as follows:
Italian French semiconductor cooperates with WiTricity to develop resonant radio energy transmission chip
St, the world's leading semiconductor supplier across multiple electronic applications, and WiTricity, a pioneer in ultra long-distance radio energy transmission technology, announced the cooperative development of electromagnetic resonance radio energy transmission semiconductor solutions. The goal of the cooperation is to "cut the last line" and make the power connection and battery charging of Internet of things devices, medical devices, industrial devices and automotive systems more convenient.
This scheme supports fast wireless charging of consumer electronics and Internet of things devices, and supports simultaneous charging of multiple devices. This electromagnetic resonance radio energy transmission chip is called "wireless charging 2.0". Different from the existing wireless charging technology, this chip can efficiently charge smart phones, tablets and smart watches with metal shells.
3、 Radio wave type
Radio wave charging mode
Principle: convert the environmental electromagnetic wave into current and transmit the current through the circuit
Transmission power: more than 100MW
Transmission distance: more than 10m
Frequency range: 2.45khz
Charging efficiency: 38%
Advantages: suitable for long-distance low-power charging; Automatic charging anytime, anywhere
Limitation: low conversion efficiency; Long charging time
Solution provider: powercast, etc
The specific schemes are as follows:
Airvolt wireless charger
Airvolt is a wireless charger that uses radio waves to charge mobile devices. Like similar products, its efficiency is lower than wired charging. After the airvolt charging head is powered on, it can convert electric energy into electromagnetic wave. After acquisition, the receiver will convert electromagnetic wave into electric energy to charge the mobile phone. When the power is full to 80%, it will automatically stop charging, and when it is less than 20%, it will automatically charge, which not only ensures the best power of the mobile phone, but also will not lead to overcharge and increase the service life of the battery.
Airvolt is developed by technovator. When charging, just plug the receiver into the mobile phone and then plug the charging head into the socket for remote wireless charging. The best charging distance is within 9 meters, and the longest distance can be up to 12 meters. You can charge in any corner of the house! The volume of receiver and charging head is small enough, and the charging speed is slower than that of ordinary charger. Lightning or micro USB interfaces are available to meet different needs.
4、 Electric field coupling
Electric field coupled wireless charging
Principle: the induced electric field generated by coupling two sets of asymmetric dipoles along the vertical direction is used to transmit power
Transmission power: 1w-10w
Transmission distance: mm - CM
Frequency range: 560-700khz
Charging efficiency: 70% - 80%
Advantages: suitable for short distance charging; High conversion efficiency; Low fever; The position may not be fixed
Limitation: large volume; Low power
Solution provider: Murata Murata production office, etc
5、 Wattup wireless charging: wireless charging 2.0 standard
Energetic has developed the revolutionary wireless charging technology wattup, which can provide wireless power supply within a certain distance. Wattup is a new wireless charging technology, which can realize wireless charging within 15 feet (about 4.6 meters). It transmits power to other micro receivers through a wireless hub. You can configure multiple receivers, plug them into sockets in different rooms such as bedroom and living room, and then cooperate with a special mobile phone case to realize real wireless charging operation.
The specific schemes are as follows:
Dialog semiconductor, a supplier of highly integrated power management, AC / DC power conversion, solid-state lighting (SSL) and Bluetooth low power (ble) technologies, announced a strategic investment in energy. Dialog decided to invest US $10 million in energy and become the exclusive component supplier of wattup integrated circuits. Meanwhile, energy will be able to take advantage of dialog's extensive sales and distribution channel network to accelerate market adoption.
Compared with traditional wired charging technology, energetic's wattup technology provides a unique and richer wireless charging experience. Through RF technology to safely transmit electric energy wirelessly, wattup can transmit intelligent and scalable electric energy in a way similar to wireless router. Unlike electromagnetic induction or resonant wireless charging systems, wattup can wirelessly charge multiple devices at various angles within a certain radius, thus changing the way consumers and industry charge and power electronic devices in homes, offices, cars and more scenes.
Dialog will present energy's wattup technology in the private exhibition space during CES Consumer Electronics Show (Las Vegas, January 5-8, 2017). It is expected that the first batch of customers will start mass production in the first half of 2017.
Applications: smart phones, tablets, Internet of things devices, small wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) / augmented reality (AR) devices, etc.
6、 WiFi wireless charging: 10M distance
Advantages: charge as you go, in line with the concept of wireless charging
Disadvantages: it is difficult to locate the charging object and wastes power
The University of Washington has successfully developed the technology of charging hardware devices using Wi Fi network, and has successfully charged digital cameras and other devices within a Wi Fi coverage distance of about 10 meters. It is expected to charge the mobile phone in the future.
The university has developed a so-called "Wi Fi power supply system". The system mainly includes two components, one is Wi Fi access point (router), and the other is customized charging sensor.
It should be noted that this Wi Fi charging technology does not need to replace the traditional wireless router. It only needs to deploy software and other solutions. After providing the charging function, it will not affect the function of Internet access.
7、 Ultrasonic wireless charging: the effective range is close to 5M
Advantages: the technology is very safe; The receiver is cheap and small; It can be used for data transmission.
Disadvantages: the final product may not meet expectations in terms of price, power, speed and safety.
A company called ubeam has invented a new wireless charging mode, which can use ultrasound to transmit power to a place 15 feet away. With this product, as long as you use a special wireless charging sleeve, you can walk around the house with your mobile phone while charging.
This technology was thought of by Meredith Perry, a 25-year-old New York girl. Ubeam has obtained a seed round of financing of US $1.7 million. Its investors include Yahoo CEO Marissa Mayer, founders fund and Andreessen Horowitz. The company has applied for 18 patents related to wireless charging and ultrasound.
8、 New wireless charging technology: Microsoft plans to use focused light to charge
Microsoft research has developed a potential solution: autocharge. Microsoft researchers describe autocharge as a technology that automatically locates and charges smartphones on the table. Their prototype charger can be installed on the ceiling and has two working modules: a monitoring module, which uses Microsoft's Kinect camera to scan objects like smartphones; The other is the charging mode, which uses UltraFire Cree xm-l T6 to focus LED light.
The autocharge system uses image processing to monitor and track the smartphone on the desk and automatically charge the smartphone. The charger will continue to rotate until it detects an object that looks like a smartphone, and then it will use the light beam generated by solar power generation technology to charge the smartphone remotely. In other words, no wires are needed.
9、 Wi charge - infrared light charging system
Wi charge is a start-up enterprise from Israel. They have developed an infrared light charging system. This charging system uses the transmitter to convert energy into infrared light, and uses the receiver attached to the electronic equipment to convert infrared light into electric energy, which can charge the equipment within about 4.5m.
The wi charge team said that although infrared light charging is very powerful, it also needs to ensure safety. This device does not produce electromagnetic radiation, so it is equally safe even for people with pacemakers. When your body or other object blocks the light beam, charging will be blocked. Wi charge mainly focuses on smaller electronic products such as tablets, notebooks and mobile phones. However, wi charge still has a long way to go before it can be put into large-scale use.
epilogue
Wireless charging is not only about eliminating the power cord, but also about power management and convenience; It is not limited to inductive or resonant charging. Far field charging is the key to innovation. Our electronic devices need to be smart enough to charge themselves. However, major participants have the opportunity to accelerate their popularity by establishing their own charging technology. In the early stage of the commercialization of wireless charging, infrastructure companies face the risk of being too early and outdated. Wireless charging OEM companies need to actively establish cooperation with existing infrastructure builders and use current standards to promote consumer acceptance“
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